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      Irrigation with Magnetically Treated Water on Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Inoculated with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Translated title: Riego con agua tratada magnéticamente sobre tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.) inoculado con hongos micorrízicos arbusculares

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          Abstract

          ABSTRACT The aim of the study was to determine the effect of magnetically treated water (ATM) with a stationary magnetic field on the yield of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) inoculated with three strains of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) infested with the nematode Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) Chitwood. The investigation began in a soft brown soil without carbonate, in the “Campo Antena” Protected Cultivation Unit, belonging to “América Libre” Socialist State Enterprise; between November 2018 and February 2019. The inoculation of the microorganisms was carried out at the time of the transplant, in a proportion of 10% with respect to the volume of the root ball. The experimental design was completely randomized blocks, with 8 treatments and four replicas, with a control without AMF inoculation, a treatment without AMF inoculation and irrigation with magnetically treated water, 3 treatments with inoculation with Glomus cubense, Rhizophagus irregularis, Fummeliformis mosseae, and 3 treatments with the inoculation of these 3 AMF species combined with irrigation with magnetically treated water with an induction of 0.07 T. The data obtained were processed in the statistical package R Commander by means of a simple analysis of variance, applying Duncan's Test of mean multiple comparison for p≤ 5. The results obtained showed the efficiency of the treatments applied in tomato yield, highlighting the treatment with G. cubense and ATM, which yielded 112.9 t·ha-1 and provided greater protection to the plant against the nematode attack by reducing the galling index to 1.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMEN El objetivo del estudio fue determinar el efecto del agua tratada magnéticamente (ATM) con campo magnético estacionario sobre el rendimiento del tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.). inoculado con tres cepas de hongos micorrízicos arbusculares (HMA) infestado con el nematodo Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) Chitwood. La investigación se desarrolló en un suelo pardo mullido sin carbonato, en la Unidad de Cultivo Protegido “Campo Antena”, perteneciente a la Empresa Estatal Socialista América Libre; entre noviembre 2018 y febrero 2019. La inoculación de los microorganismos se realizó en el momento del trasplante, en una proporción del 10% con respecto al volumen del cepellón. El diseño experimental fue de bloques completamente al azar, con 8 tratamientos y cuatro réplicas, con un testigo sin inoculación de HMA, un tratamiento sin inoculación de HMA y riego con agua tratada magnéticamente, tres tratamientos con inoculación con Glomus cubense, Rhizophagus irregularis, Fummeliformis mosseae, y tres tratamientos con la inoculación de estas tres especies de HMA combinadas con riego con agua tratada magnéticamente con inducción de 0,07 T. Los datos obtenidos se procesaron en el paquete estadístico R Commander mediante un análisis de varianza simple, aplicándose la prueba de comparación múltiple de medias de Duncan para p≤ 5. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron la eficiencia de los tratamientos aplicados en el rendimiento del tomate, destacando el tratamiento con G. cubense y ATM logrando 112,9 t·ha-1, brindándole una mayor protección a la planta contra el ataque de los nematodos, reduciendo el índice de agallamiento a uno.

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          Improved procedures for clearing roots and staining parasitic and vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for rapid assessment of infection

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            AN EVALUATION OF TECHNIQUES FOR MEASURING VESICULAR ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL INFECTION IN ROOTS

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              Recent Advances in the Development of Environmentally Benign Treatments to Control Root-Knot Nematodes

              Root-knot nematodes (RKNs), Meloidogyne spp., are sedentary endoparasites that negatively affect almost every crop in the world. Current management practices are not enough to completely control RKN. Application of certain chemicals is also being further limited in recent years. It is therefore crucial to develop additional control strategies through the application of environmentally benign methods. There has been much research performed around the world on the topic, leading to useful outcomes and interesting findings capable of improving farmers’ income. It is important to have dependable resources gathering the data produced to facilitate future research. This review discusses recent findings on the application of environmentally benign treatments to control RKN between 2015 and April 2020. A variety of biological control strategies, natural compounds, soil amendments and other emerging strategies have been included, among which, many showed promising results in RKN control in vitro and/or in vivo. Development of these methods continues to be an area of active research, and new information on their efficacy will continuously become available. We have discussed some of the control mechanisms involved and suggestions were given on maximizing the outcome of the future efforts.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rcta
                Revista Ciencias Técnicas Agropecuarias
                Rev Cie Téc Agr
                Universidad Agraria de La Habana (San José de las Lajas, , Cuba )
                2071-0054
                December 2023
                : 32
                : 4
                : e07
                Affiliations
                [3] Santiago de Cuba orgnameUniversidad de Oriente orgdiv1Centro Nacional de Electromagnetismo Aplicado Cuba
                [1] Santiago de Cuba orgnameUniversidad de Oriente orgdiv1Facultad de Ingeniería Química y Agronomía orgdiv2Departamento de Agronomía Cuba
                [2] San José de las Lajas Mayabeque orgnameUniversidad Agraria de La Habana orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias Técnicas orgdiv2Centro de Mecanización Agropecuaria (CEMA) Cuba
                Article
                S2071-00542023000400007 S2071-0054(23)03200400007
                9600b986-c6ee-48f7-93e5-f71f2304b7d8

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 26 April 2023
                : 01 September 2023
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 23, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Cuba

                Categories
                ORIGINAL ARTICLE

                Protected Culture,Magnetic Induction,Mycorrhizae,Nematodes,cultivo protegido,inducción magnética,micorrizas,nematodos

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