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      Photoelectrochemical Wiring ofPaulschulzia pseudovolvox(Algae) to Osmium Polymer Modified Electrodes for Harnessing Solar Energy

      , , , , ,
      Advanced Energy Materials
      Wiley

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          Extracellular electron transfer via microbial nanowires.

          Microbes that can transfer electrons to extracellular electron acceptors, such as Fe(iii) oxides, are important in organic matter degradation and nutrient cycling in soils and sediments. Previous investigations on electron transfer to Fe(iii) have focused on the role of outer-membrane c-type cytochromes. However, some Fe(iii) reducers lack c-cytochromes. Geobacter species, which are the predominant Fe(iii) reducers in many environments, must directly contact Fe(iii) oxides to reduce them, and produce monolateral pili that were proposed, on the basis of the role of pili in other organisms, to aid in establishing contact with the Fe(iii) oxides. Here we report that a pilus-deficient mutant of Geobacter sulfurreducens could not reduce Fe(iii) oxides but could attach to them. Conducting-probe atomic force microscopy revealed that the pili were highly conductive. These results indicate that the pili of G. sulfurreducens might serve as biological nanowires, transferring electrons from the cell surface to the surface of Fe(iii) oxides. Electron transfer through pili indicates possibilities for other unique cell-surface and cell-cell interactions, and for bioengineering of novel conductive materials.
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            Anodic electron transfer mechanisms in microbial fuel cells and their energy efficiency.

            The performance of a microbial fuel cell (MFC) depends on a complex system of parameters. Apart from technical variables like the anode or fuel cell design, it is mainly the paths and mechanisms of the bioelectrochemical energy conversion that decisively determine the MFC power and energy output. Here, the electron transfer from the microbial cell to the fuel cell anode, as a process that links microbiology and electrochemistry, represents a key factor that defines the theoretical limits of the energy conversion. The determination of the energy efficiency of the electron transfer reactions, based on the biological standard potentials of the involved redox species in combination with the known paths (and stoichiometry) of the underlying microbial metabolism, is an important instrument for this discussion. Against the sometimes confusing classifications of MFCs in literature it is demonstrated that the anodic electron transfer is always based on one and the same background: the exploitation of the necessity of every living cell to dispose the electrons liberated during oxidative substrate degradation.
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              Photosystem-II damage and repair cycle in chloroplasts: what modulates the rate of photodamage in vivo?

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Advanced Energy Materials
                Adv. Energy Mater.
                Wiley
                16146832
                November 2015
                November 11 2015
                : 5
                : 22
                : 1501100
                Article
                10.1002/aenm.201501100
                93e88c86-d53e-4d7a-9a3b-f84ff9179c49
                © 2015

                http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1

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