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      Is self-esteem associated with self-rated health among French college students? A longitudinal epidemiological study: the i-Share cohort

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          Abstract

          Objectives

          The aim of the study was to estimate the association between self-esteem and subsequent self-rated health during college years, taking into account a wide range of potential confounders.

          Design

          Prospective longitudinal study.

          Setting

          The French i-Share cohort.

          Participants

          The sample consisted of 1011 college students.

          Primary and secondary outcome measures

          The association between self-esteem and later self-rated health was evaluated using multivariate modelling.

          Data regarding self-rated health, global self-esteem and demographic, educational, social, behavioural, environmental and financial characteristics were collected through an internet-based questionnaire.

          Results

          The 1011 participants had a median age of 21.9 years and 79% (795/1011) were females. Self-rated health was assessed a median of 8 months after the self-esteem measurement. Twenty per cent of the students declared average to very poor health (203/1011). Students with higher levels of self-esteem were more likely to declare good or very good self-rated health (adjusted OR=1.40, 95% CI 1.15 to 1.72, p value=0.001). Other factors associated with good or very good self-rated health were low body mass index, a comfortable financial situation during childhood and three personality traits (low persistence and harm avoidance and high cooperativeness).

          Conclusions

          This study offers novel findings on the impact of self-esteem on self-rated health among college students. Interventions targeting self-esteem should be experimented during university years in order to improve health outcomes.

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          Most cited references30

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          Gender differences in self-esteem: a meta-analysis.

          K. C. Kling, J S Hyde, C J Showers … (1999)
          Two analyses were conducted to examine gender differences in global self-esteem. In analysis I, a computerized literature search yielded 216 effect sizes, representing the testing of 97,121 respondents. The overall effect size was 0.21, a small difference favoring males. A significant quadratic effect of age indicated that the largest effect emerged in late adolescence (d = 0.33). In Analysis II, gender differences were examined using 3 large, nationally representative data sets from the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). All of the NCES effect sizes, which collectively summarize the responses of approximately 48,000 young Americans, indicated higher male self-esteem (ds ranged from 0.04 to 0.24). Taken together, the 2 analyses provide evidence that males score higher on standard measures of global self-esteem than females, but the difference is small. Potential reasons for the small yet consistent effect size are discussed.
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            Predictors of Stress in College Students

            DALIA SALEH, Nathalie Camart, Lucia Romo (2017)
            University students often face different stressful situations and preoccupations: the first contact with the university, the freedom of schedule organization, the selection of their master's degree, very selective fields, etc. The purpose of this study is to evaluate a model of vulnerability to stress in French college students. Stress factors were evaluated by a battery of six scales that was accessible online during 3 months. A total of 483 students, aged between 18 and 24 years (Mean = 20.23, standard deviation = 1.99), was included in the study. The results showed that 72.9, 86.3, and 79.3% of them were suffering from psychological distress, anxiety and depressive symptoms, respectively. More than half the sample was also suffering from low self-esteem (57.6%), little optimism (56.7%), and a low sense of self-efficacy (62.7%). Regression analyses revealed that life satisfaction, self-esteem, optimism, self-efficacy and psychological distress were the most important predictors of stress. These findings allow us to better understand stress-vulnerability factors in students and drive us to substantially consider them in prevention programs.
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              Self-rated health during adolescence: stability and predictors of change (Young-HUNT study, Norway)

              Hans-Johan Breidablik, Eivind Meland, Stian Lydersen (2008)
              Background: Self-rated health (SRH) is an important single-item variable used in many health surveys. It is a predictor for later mortality, morbidity and health service attendance. Therefore, it is important to study how SRH is influenced during adolescence. The present study examined the stability of SRH over a 4-year period in adolescence, and the factors predicting change in it. Methods: Analyses were based on 4-year longitudinal data from the Young-HUNT studies in Norway among adolescents aged 13–19 years. A total of 2800 students (81%) participated in the follow-up study, and 2399 of these were eligible for data analysis. Cross-tables for SRH at the start of the study (between 1995 and 1997) and 4 years later were used to estimate the stability over the period. Proportional odds logistic regression analyses of SRH during 2000–01 were carried out, controlling for initial SRH, independent variables at the start of the study and changes in the same independent variables over 4 years as covariates. Results: In 59% of the respondents, SRH remained unchanged through the 4-year observation period during adolescence. Fewer than 4% changed their ratings of SRH by two steps or more on a four-level scale. The self-assessed general well-being, health behaviour variables, being disabled in any way, and body dissatisfaction at the start of the study and the change of these predictors influenced SRH significantly during the 4-year observation. Being diagnosed with a medical condition, or specific mental or somatic health symptoms was of less importance for later SRH. Adolescents with more health service contacts at the start of the study, or who increase their attendance rate during the 4 years, report deterioration of SRH. Conclusion: SRH is a relatively stable construct during adolescence, and deteriorates consistently with a lack of general well-being, disability, healthcare attendance and health-compromising behaviour.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): BMJ Open
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): BMJ Open
                Journal ID (hwp): bmjopen
                Journal ID (publisher-id): bmjopen
                Title: BMJ Open
                Publisher: BMJ Publishing Group (BMA House, Tavistock Square, London, WC1H 9JR )
                ISSN (Electronic): 2044-6055
                Publication date Collection: 2019
                Publication date (Electronic): 4 June 2019
                Volume: 9
                Issue: 6
                Electronic Location Identifier: e024500
                Affiliations
                [1 ] departmentTeam HEALTHY, UMR 1219, F-33000 , University of Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center , Bordeaux, France
                [2 ] Centre Hospitalier Perrens , Bordeaux, France
                Author notes
                [Correspondence to ] Julie Arsandaux; julie.arsandaux@ 123456u-bordeaux.fr
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3036-5866
                Article
                Publisher ID: bmjopen-2018-024500
                DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024500
                PMC ID: 6561426
                PubMed ID: 31167858
                SO-VID: 8fc874a1-3b84-42a7-b879-b9b94d4046ce
                Copyright © © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.
                License:

                This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

                History
                Date received : 04 June 2018
                Date revision received : 27 March 2019
                Date accepted : 16 April 2019
                Funding
                Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001665, Agence Nationale de la Recherche;
                Categories
                Subject: Public Health
                Subject: Research
                Subject: 1506
                Subject: 1724
                Custom metadata
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                ScienceOpen disciplines: Medicine
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                ScienceOpen disciplines: Medicine

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