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      The anatomy of neotropical galls and the untold lessons about the morphogenetical potentialities of plants

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          Abstract

          Abstract Plant anatomists perceive the plant body as the dynamic result of complex developmental processes which may deviate during gall development. Gall development involves local responses forming a morphophysiological continuum with the host plant organ, which can be addressed by anatomical studies. We revisited the history of galls in Brazil, as well as their morphogenetical potentialities and integration with entomological, chemical, physiological, and ecological approaches. The Fabaceae, Myrtaceae, Melastomataceae, and Asteraceae are the main hosts of the Brazilian gall morphotyes, which can be classified according to their three-dimensional shapess. Anatomical tools have been used to map cell and tissue fates in gall morphotypes, revealing the potential of plant tissue systems to overexpress or inhibit standard plant development. In-depth anatomical, cytological, histochemical, and immunocytochemical techniques have greatly expanded the knowledge of gall traits and plant cell responses. The new structures of galls hosted on leaves, stems, roots, and reproductive organs show consistent tissue specialization regarding the dermal and ground tissue systems, with the gall’s vascular system being connected to preexisting or newly formed bundles of the host plant. Due to the diverse stressors imposed on plant tissues, gall anatomy reveals adaptive responses that can be addressed from several perspectives, including citizen science initiatives.

          Translated abstract

          Resumo Anatomistas vegetais percebem o corpo da planta como resultado de processos dinâmicos e complexos que podem ser desviados ao longo do desenvolvimento da galha. Este desenvolvimento envolve respostas locais, mas em um continuum morfofisiológico com o órgão hospedeiro, o que pode ser estudado do ponto de vista anatômico. Revisitamos a história das galhas no Brasil, suas potencialidades morfogenéticas e integração com abordagens entomológicas, químicas, fisiológicas e ecológicas. No Brasil, espécies de Fabaceae, Myrtaceae, Melastomataceae e Asteraceae são as principais hospedeiras de diversos morfotipos de galhas classificados com base em suas formas tridimensionais. Ferramentas anatômicas usadas para mapear o destino de células e tecidos nas galhas revelam o potencial dos sistemas de tecidos vegetais para superexpressar ou inibir o desenvolvimento vegetal padrão. Técnicas anatômicas, citológicas, histoquímicas e imunocitoquímicas aprofundadas expandiram o conhecimento das características das galhas e das respostas das células vegetais. As galhas hospedadas em folhas, caules, raízes e órgãos reprodutivos têm especialização tecidual consistente nos sistemas de tecido dérmico e fundamental, com o sistema vascular das galhas conectado àqueles da planta hospedeira. Devido a diversos estressores impostos aos tecidos vegetais, a anatomia das galhas revela respostas adaptativas que podem ser abordadas por diversas perspectivas, incluindo iniciativas de ciência cidadã.

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          The adaptive significance of insect gall morphology

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            The Secondary Chemistry and Complex Morphology of Galls Formed by the Cynipinae (Hymenoptera): Why and How?

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              Plant anatomy

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rod
                Rodriguésia
                Rodriguésia
                Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro (Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil )
                0370-6583
                2175-7860
                2024
                : 75
                : e01542023
                Affiliations
                [3] Rio Grande Rio Grande do Sul orgnameUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande orgdiv1Inst. Ciências Biológicas/Botânica Brazil
                [2] São Paulo São Paulo orgnameUniversidade de São Paulo orgdiv1Inst. Biociências orgdiv2Depto. Botânica Brazil
                [1] Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais orgnameUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais orgdiv1Inst. Ciências Biológicas orgdiv2Depto. Botânica Brazil
                [4] Goiânia Goiás orgnameUniversidade Federal de Goiás orgdiv1Inst. Ciências Biológicas orgdiv2Depto. Botânica Brazil
                Article
                S2175-78602024000102001 S2175-7860(24)07500002001
                10.1590/2175-7860202475007
                8d722ce4-a9f4-44d7-ad8c-1e268e660dfb

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 27 February 2024
                : 31 August 2023
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 96, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Brazil


                structure and function,ontogenesis,cell fates,estrutura e função,ontogênese,destinos celulares

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