Cryptic species of  Curvularia  in the culture collection of the Queensland Plant Pathology Herbarium

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Abstract

Several unidentified specimens of Curvularia deposited in the Queensland Plant Pathology Herbarium were re-examined. Phylogenetic analyses based on sequence data of the internal transcribed spacer region, partial fragments of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and the translation elongation factor 1-α genes, supported the introduction of 13 novel Curvularia species. Eight of the species described, namely, C. beasleyi sp. nov., C. beerburrumensis sp. nov., C. eragrosticola sp. nov., C. kenpeggii sp. nov., C. mebaldsii sp. nov., C. petersonii sp. nov., C. platzii sp. nov. and C. warraberensis sp. nov., were isolated from grasses ( Poaceae ) exotic to Australia. Only two species, C. lamingtonensis sp. nov. and C. sporobolicola sp. nov., were described from native Australian grasses. Two species were described from hosts in other families, namely, C. coatesiae sp. nov. from Litchi chinensis ( Sapindaceae ) and C. colbranii sp. nov. from Crinum zeylanicum ( Amaryllidaceae ). Curvularia reesii sp. nov. was described from an isolate obtained from an air sample. Furthermore, DNA sequences from ex-type cultures supported the generic placement of C. neoindica and the transfer of Drechslera boeremae to Curvularia .

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Nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region as a universal DNA barcode marker for Fungi.

C. L. Schoch, K. A. Seifert, S. Huhndorf … (2012)

Six DNA regions were evaluated as potential DNA barcodes for Fungi, the second largest kingdom of eukaryotic life, by a multinational, multilaboratory consortium. The region of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 used as the animal barcode was excluded as a potential marker, because it is difficult to amplify in fungi, often includes large introns, and can be insufficiently variable. Three subunits from the nuclear ribosomal RNA cistron were compared together with regions of three representative protein-coding genes (largest subunit of RNA polymerase II, second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II, and minichromosome maintenance protein). Although the protein-coding gene regions often had a higher percent of correct identification compared with ribosomal markers, low PCR amplification and sequencing success eliminated them as candidates for a universal fungal barcode. Among the regions of the ribosomal cistron, the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region has the highest probability of successful identification for the broadest range of fungi, with the most clearly defined barcode gap between inter- and intraspecific variation. The nuclear ribosomal large subunit, a popular phylogenetic marker in certain groups, had superior species resolution in some taxonomic groups, such as the early diverging lineages and the ascomycete yeasts, but was otherwise slightly inferior to the ITS. The nuclear ribosomal small subunit has poor species-level resolution in fungi. ITS will be formally proposed for adoption as the primary fungal barcode marker to the Consortium for the Barcode of Life, with the possibility that supplementary barcodes may be developed for particular narrowly circumscribed taxonomic groups.

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One fungus, which genes? Development and assessment of universal primers for potential secondary fungal DNA barcodes

J.B. Stielow, C.A. Lévesque, K.A. Seifert … (2015)

The aim of this study was to assess potential candidate gene regions and corresponding universal primer pairs as secondary DNA barcodes for the fungal kingdom, additional to ITS rDNA as primary barcode. Amplification efficiencies of 14 (partially) universal primer pairs targeting eight genetic markers were tested across > 1 500 species (1 931 strains or specimens) and the outcomes of almost twenty thousand (19 577) polymerase chain reactions were evaluated. We tested several well-known primer pairs that amplify: i) sections of the nuclear ribosomal RNA gene large subunit (D1–D2 domains of 26/28S); ii) the complete internal transcribed spacer region (ITS1/2); iii) partial β -tubulin II (TUB2); iv) γ-actin (ACT); v) translation elongation factor 1-α (TEF1α); and vi) the second largest subunit of RNA-polymerase II (partial RPB2, section 5–6). Their PCR efficiencies were compared with novel candidate primers corresponding to: i) the fungal-specific translation elongation factor 3 (TEF3); ii) a small ribosomal protein necessary for t-RNA docking; iii) the 60S L10 (L1) RP; iv) DNA topoisomerase I (TOPI); v) phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK); vi) hypothetical protein LNS2; and vii) alternative sections of TEF1α. Results showed that several gene sections are accessible to universal primers (or primers universal for phyla) yielding a single PCR-product. Barcode gap and multi-dimensional scaling analyses revealed that some of the tested candidate markers have universal properties providing adequate infra- and inter-specific variation that make them attractive barcodes for species identification. Among these gene sections, a novel high fidelity primer pair for TEF1α, already widely used as a phylogenetic marker in mycology, has potential as a supplementary DNA barcode with superior resolution to ITS. Both TOPI and PGK show promise for the Ascomycota, while TOPI and LNS2 are attractive for the Pucciniomycotina, for which universal primers for ribosomal subunits often fail.

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Genera of phytopathogenic fungi: GOPHY 1

Y. Marín-Felix, J.Z. Groenewald, L Cai … (2017)

Genera of Phytopathogenic Fungi (GOPHY) is introduced as a new series of publications in order to provide a stable platform for the taxonomy of phytopathogenic fungi. This first paper focuses on 21 genera of phytopathogenic fungi: Bipolaris, Boeremia, Calonectria, Ceratocystis, Cladosporium, Colletotrichum, Coniella, Curvularia, Monilinia, Neofabraea, Neofusicoccum, Pilidium, Pleiochaeta, Plenodomus, Protostegia, Pseudopyricularia, Puccinia, Saccharata, Thyrostroma, Venturia and Wilsonomyces. For each genus, a morphological description and information about its pathology, distribution, hosts and disease symptoms are provided. In addition, this information is linked to primary and secondary DNA barcodes of the presently accepted species, and relevant literature. Moreover, several novelties are introduced, i.e. new genera, species and combinations, and neo-, lecto- and epitypes designated to provide a stable taxonomy. This first paper includes one new genus, 26 new species, ten new combinations, and four typifications of older names.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): MycoKeys

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): MycoKeys

Journal ID (publisher-id): MycoKeys

Title: MycoKeys

Publisher: Pensoft Publishers

ISSN (Print): 1314-4057

ISSN (Electronic): 1314-4049

Publication date Collection: 2018

Publication date (Electronic): 15 June 2018

Issue: 35

Pages: 1-25

Affiliations

[1 ] Biosecurity Queensland, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Ecosciences Precinct, Dutton Park, QLD 4102, Australia

[2 ] Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT, Utrecht, Netherlands

[3 ] Microbiology, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, Netherlands

[4 ] Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia

Author notes

Corresponding author: Yu Pei Tan ( YuPei.Tan@ 123456daf.qld.gov.au )

Academic editor: C. Gueidan

Article

DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.35.25665

PMC ID: 6015126

SO-VID: 879f5a68-9a13-4318-bbb7-1c722cfccb58

License:

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

History

Date received : 10 April 2018

Date accepted : 1 June 2018

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Cryptic species of Curvularia in the culture collection of the Queensland Plant Pathology Herbarium

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Most cited references 28

Nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region as a universal DNA barcode marker for Fungi.

One fungus, which genes? Development and assessment of universal primers for potential secondary fungal DNA barcodes

Genera of phytopathogenic fungi: GOPHY 1

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Cited by 15

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