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      Níveis de lisina para leitoas selecionadas geneticamente para deposição de carne magra, dos 60 aos 95 kg Translated title: Lysine levels for gilts with high genetic potential for lean meat deposition from 60 to 95 kg

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          Abstract

          Foram utilizadas 50 leitoas mestiças (Hampshire, Landrace Belga, Pietran) com peso inicial médio de 60,23±0,49 kg e alto potencial genético para deposição de carne magra na carcaça, para avaliar diferentes níveis de lisina. Foi usado delineamento de blocos ao acaso com cinco tratamentos, cinco repetições e dois animais por unidade experimental. Os tratamentos corresponderam a uma ração basal com 15,8% de proteína bruta, suplementada com cinco níveis de L-lisina HCl, resultando em rações com 0,75; 0,85; 0,95; 1,05; e 1,15% de lisina. Não se observou efeito dos tratamentos sobre consumo de ração e ganho de peso diário, entretanto, o consumo de lisina diário elevou-se de forma linear com o aumento do nível de lisina da ração. Houve efeito quadrático dos níveis de lisina sobre a conversão alimentar e o teor de uréia no soro sangüíneo, que reduziram até o nível de 1,00% de lisina ou 0,302% /Mcal de ED, o que correspondeu a um consumo estimado de lisina de 23,90 g/dia. Não se observou efeito dos tratamentos sobre a porcentagem de água e proteína e taxa de deposição de proteína na carcaça, entretanto, a porcentagem e a taxa de deposição de gordura diminuíram de maneira linear. Concluiu-se que leitoas com alto potencial genético para deposição de carne magra, dos 60 aos 95 kg de peso vivo, requerem 1,00% de lisina (0,302%/Mcal de ED) e 0,90% (0,272%/Mcal de ED) de lisina digestível verdadeira, para máximo desempenho, o que corresponde a consumo diário de lisina total e digestível de 23,9 e 21,5 g, respectivamente.

          Translated abstract

          Fifty gilts crossbreed (Hampshire, Belgium Landrace, Pietran), with initial average weight of 60.23±0.49 kg and high genetic potential for lean meat deposition, were used to evaluate different lysine levels. A randomized blocks design, with five treatments, five replicates and two animals per experimental unit, was used. The treatments corresponded to a basal diet with 15.8% crude protein, supplemented with five levels of HCl-L-Lisine, resulting in diets with 0.75, 0.85, 0.95, 1.05, and 1.15% of lysine. There was no effect of treatments on daily weight gain and daily feed intake, however daily lysine intake linearly increased was the dietary lysine level increased. There was quadract effect of lysine levels on feed:gain ratio and on serum urea concentration, that increased up to the lysine level of 1.00% or 0.302%/Mcal of DE, corresponding to a estimate lysine intake of 23.9 g/day. There was no effect of treatments on protein and water percent, and protein deposition in carcass, however, the percentage of fat and fat deposition rate linearly decreased. The gilts with high genetic potential for lean meat deposition, from 60 to 95 kg, had requirement of 1.00% (.302%/Mcal of DE) or .90% ( .272%/Mcal of DE) of true digestible lysine, corresponding to total and digestible lysine intake of 23.90 and 21.50 g/day, respectively, for maximum performance.

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          Influence of dietary lysine on growth and carcass composition of high-lean-growth gilts fed from 34 to 72 kilograms.

          One hundred eight high-lean-growth gilts (34.4 kg BW) were used to determine the dietary lysine requirement to maximize growth, carcass characteristics, and protein accretion from 34 to 72.5 kg BW. The experiment was a randomized complete block design; initial BW served as the blocking factor. Six dietary treatments were included, ranging from .54 to 1.04% (.10% increments) digestible lysine (.69 to 1.25% total lysine). Pigs were housed in pens of three, with six replicate pens per treatment. Pig weights and feed consumption were collected weekly to calculate ADG, ADFI, and gain:feed (G/F). Initially, five pigs were slaughtered to determine baseline carcass composition. When the mean weight for pigs in a pen reached 55 and 72.5 kg, one pig per pen was randomly selected and slaughtered for carcass measurements. The right side of each carcass was ground twice and sampled to determine carcass composition and tissue accretion rates. Average daily gain was increased by dietary lysine from 34 to 55 kg (linear, P < .01), from 55 to 72.5 kg (linear, P < .10), and from 34 to 72.5 kg (linear, P < .01). Although ADFI from 34 to 55 and from 55 to 72.5 kg was not influenced by dietary lysine, ADFI for the entire experiment tended to decrease (quadratic, P < .10) as digestible lysine increased. Increased dietary lysine resulted in improved G/F from 34 to 55 kg (linear, P < .01) and from 55 to 72.5 and 34 to 72.5 kg (quadratic, P < .01). Average backfat thickness was not influenced by dietary lysine at 55 kg but decreased (linear, P < .05) as dietary lysine increased at 72.5 kg. At 55 kg, longissimus muscle area was larger (linear, P < .05) for gilts fed increased digestible lysine. However, longissimus muscle area was similar for all treatments at 72.5 kg. Gilts fed increased digestible lysine had greater CP accretion from 34 to 55 kg (linear, P < .01), 55 to 72.5 kg (linear, P < .05; quadratic, P < .10), and from 34 to 72.5 kg (quadratic, P < .05). Based on the feed intake observed in this study, the high-lean-growth gilt requires at least 22 g/d total lysine intake from 34 to 72.5 kg to maximize CP accretion.
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            Use of plasma urea nitrogen as a rapid response criterion to determine the lysine requirement of pigs.

            Five experiments were conducted to evaluate the potential use of plasma urea N (PUN) concentrations as a rapid response criterion to determine amino acid requirements. A preliminary experiment (Exp. 1) indicated that a 3-d feeding time was required to re-equilibrate PUN concentrations after a change in the dietary concentration of lysine. In Exp. 2, 3, and 4, PUN was used to estimate the lysine requirement of growing pigs at different specific BW. Thirty individually penned crossbred pigs weighing 32 and 44 kg in Exp. 2 and 3, respectively, were assigned to five dietary treatments (.60, .70, .80, .90, and 1.00% lysine) for 5 d. The PUN decreased quadratically (P .10). Therefore, PUN concentrations can be used in short-term trials to accurately estimate the dietary lysine required to maximize total N utilization in pigs at a specific BW. In addition, the two-slope broken-line regression model had the highest R2 and the lowest mean square error compared with three other models as means for estimating lysine requirement from PUN concentrations.
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              Nutrient Requirements of Swine

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rbz
                Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia
                R. Bras. Zootec.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Zootecnia (Viçosa, MG, Brazil )
                1516-3598
                1806-9290
                June 2000
                : 29
                : 3
                : 784-793
                Affiliations
                [01] orgnameUFMG
                [02] orgnameUFV orgdiv1DZO
                Article
                S1516-35982000000300021 S1516-3598(00)02900321
                86088d82-27fa-410b-a674-eaec9250a32f

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 13 September 1999
                : 02 February 1999
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 33, Pages: 10
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Monogástricos

                exigência,fase de terminação,genótipo,uréia,carcass,carcaça,genotype,requirement,finishing phase,urea

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