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      Triglyceride-glucose index as a marker in cardiovascular diseases: landscape and limitations

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          Abstract

          The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index has been identified as a reliable alternative biomarker of insulin resistance (IR). Recently, a considerable number of studies have provided robust statistical evidence suggesting that the TyG index is associated with the development and prognosis of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Nevertheless, the application of the TyG index as a marker of CVD has not systemically been evaluated, and even less information exists regarding the underlying mechanisms associated with CVD. To this end, in this review, we summarize the history of the use of the TyG index as a surrogate marker for IR. We aimed to highlight the application value of the TyG index for a variety of CVD types and to explore the potential limitations of using this index as a predictor for cardiovascular events to improve its application value for CVD and provide more extensive and precise supporting evidence.

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          2016 European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice: The Sixth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of 10 societies and by invited experts)Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR).

          Massimo F. Piepoli, Arno Hoes, Stefan Agewall … (2016)
          Article 0 comments Cited 1252 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Epidemiology and aetiology of heart failure.

            Boback Ziaeian, Gregg C. Fonarow (2016)
            Heart failure (HF) is a rapidly growing public health issue with an estimated prevalence of >37.7 million individuals globally. HF is a shared chronic phase of cardiac functional impairment secondary to many aetiologies, and patients with HF experience numerous symptoms that affect their quality of life, including dyspnoea, fatigue, poor exercise tolerance, and fluid retention. Although the underlying causes of HF vary according to sex, age, ethnicity, comorbidities, and environment, the majority of cases remain preventable. HF is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, and confers a substantial burden to the health-care system. HF is a leading cause of hospitalization among adults and the elderly. In the USA, the total medical costs for patients with HF are expected to rise from US$20.9 billion in 2012 to $53.1 billion by 2030. Improvements in the medical management of risk factors and HF have stabilized the incidence of this disease in many countries. In this Review, we provide an overview of the latest epidemiological data on HF, and propose future directions for reducing the ever-increasing HF burden.
            Article 0 comments Cited 473 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              The product of triglycerides and glucose, a simple measure of insulin sensitivity. Comparison with the euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp.

              Fernando Guerrero-Romero, Luis E Simental-Mendía, Manuel González-Ortiz … (2010)
              To meet the worldwide challenge of emerging diabetes, accessible and inexpensive tests to identify insulin resistance are needed. To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the product of fasting, we compared the triglycerides and glucose (TyG) index, a simple measure of insulin resistance, with the euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp test. We conducted a cross-sectional study of the general population and outpatients of the Internal Medicine Department at the Medical Unit of High Specialty of the Specialty Hospital at the West National Medical Center in Guadalajara, Mexico. Eleven nonobese healthy subjects, 34 obese normal glucose tolerance individuals, 22 subjects with prediabetes, and 32 diabetic patients participated in the study. We performed a euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp test. Sensitivity and specificity of the TyG index [Ln(fasting triglycerides) (mg/dl) x fasting glucose (mg/dl)/2] were measured, as well as the area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic scatter plot and the correlation between the TyG index and the total glucose metabolism (M) rates. Pearson's correlation coefficient between the TyG index and M rates was -0.681 (P < 0.005). Correlation between the TyG index and M rates was similar between men (-0.740) and women (-0.730), nonobese (-0.705) and obese (-0.710), and nondiabetic (-0.670) and diabetic (-0.690) individuals. The best value of the TyG index for diagnosis of insulin resistance was 4.68, which showed the highest sensitivity (96.5%) and specificity (85.0%; area under the curve + 0.858). The TyG index has high sensitivity and specificity, suggesting that it could be useful for identification of subjects with decreased insulin sensitivity.
              Article 0 comments Cited 468 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Fei Hua: Huafei1970@suda.cn
                Jian-Jun Li: lijianjun938@126.com
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Cardiovasc Diabetol
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Cardiovasc Diabetol
                Title: Cardiovascular Diabetology
                Publisher: BioMed Central (London )
                ISSN (Electronic): 1475-2840
                Publication date (Electronic): 6 May 2022
                Publication date PMC-release: 6 May 2022
                Publication date Collection: 2022
                Volume: 21
                Electronic Location Identifier: 68
                Affiliations
                [1 ]GRID grid.452253.7, ISNI 0000 0004 1804 524X, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, ; Juqian Road, Changzhou, 213000 China
                [2 ]GRID grid.506261.6, ISNI 0000 0001 0706 7839, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fu Wai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, ; No 167 BeiLiShi Road, XiCheng District, Beijing, 100037 China
                Article
                Publisher ID: 1511
                DOI: 10.1186/s12933-022-01511-x
                PMC ID: 9078015
                PubMed ID: 35524263
                SO-VID: 7f5dbd36-620b-4023-9350-529755c66d70
                Copyright © © The Author(s) 2022
                License:

                Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

                History
                Date received : 25 February 2022
                Date accepted : 22 April 2022
                Funding
                Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001809, National Natural Science Foundation of China;
                Award ID: 82170356
                Award Recipient :
                Funded by: China Postdoctoral Science Foundation grant
                Award ID: 2018M642317
                Award Recipient :
                Funded by: Post-Doctoral Foundation of Jiangsu Province grant
                Award ID: 2018K095B
                Award Recipient :
                Funded by: Six Talent Peaks Project of Jiangsu Province grants
                Award ID: WSN-202 and WSW-183,
                Award ID: WSN-202 and WSW-183,
                Award Recipient :
                Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100007131, Changzhou Science and Technology Bureau;
                Award ID: CJ20210091
                Award Recipient :
                Funded by: Maternal and Child Health Research Project of Jiangsu Province
                Award ID: F201803
                Award Recipient :
                Categories
                Subject: Review
                Custom metadata
                issue-copyright-statement © The Author(s) 2022

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Endocrinology & Diabetes
                Keywords: triglyceride-glucose index,insulin resistance,cardiovascular disease
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Endocrinology & Diabetes
                Keywords: triglyceride-glucose index, insulin resistance, cardiovascular disease

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