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      A floresta é o domus: a importância das evidências arqueobotânicas e arqueológicas das ocupações humanas amazônicas na transição Pleistoceno/Holoceno Translated title: The forest is home: the importance of archaeobotanical and archaeological evidence for human occupations of the Amazon during the Pleistocene/Holocene transition

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          Abstract

          Resumo Este artigo discute o papel que as antigas ocupações exerceram na constituição do que se considera como floresta amazônica, tendo como base dados arqueológicos e arqueobotânicos da transição Pleistoceno/Holoceno e partindo das relações entre humanos e ambientes (destacando eixos de heterogeneidade). A ocupação de lugares estratégicos da paisagem, a alteração permanente da composição do ambiente e o manejo de uma gama variada de plantas, principalmente de palmeiras, levam a pensar que alguns conceitos sobre mobilidade e incipiência cultural de grupos humanos antigos carecem de revisão. Com proposta de estabelecer diálogo entre informações de trabalhos ecológicos, botânicos, biogeográficos, etnográficos e arqueológicos, procuramos demonstrar que o retorno para lugares promovidos é uma estratégia de ocupação que remonta às ocupações mais antigas. Destacando as plantas como marcadores importantes, apresentamos uma proposta de conceito de inclusão para situar o planejamento dos usos de recursos diversificados e suas modificações do/no ambiente, transformando estes em lugares persistentes.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Based on archaeological and archaeobotanical data from the leistocene/Holocene transition and human-environment relationships (highlighting axes of heterogeneity), this article discusses the role ancient human occupations played in the formation of what we know as the Amazon Forest. Occupation of strategic locations on the landscape, permanent alterations of environmental composition, and the management of a variety of plants, especially palms, lead to a recognition that archaeologists may need to reconsider how they apply concepts of mobility and cultural incipience to ancient human groups. We seek to demonstrate that returning to promoted places is a strategy of occupation that dates to the earliest settlement by constructing a dialog between ecological, botanical, biogeographical, ethnographical, and archaeological information. Highlighting plants important indicators, we present a proposal for a concept of inclusion to explore the planned uses of diversified resources and resulting modifications within/of the environment, that transformed it into persistent places.

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          Willow Smoke and Dogs' Tails: Hunter-Gatherer Settlement Systems and Archaeological Site Formation

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            Hyperdominance in the Amazonian tree flora.

            The vast extent of the Amazon Basin has historically restricted the study of its tree communities to the local and regional scales. Here, we provide empirical data on the commonness, rarity, and richness of lowland tree species across the entire Amazon Basin and Guiana Shield (Amazonia), collected in 1170 tree plots in all major forest types. Extrapolations suggest that Amazonia harbors roughly 16,000 tree species, of which just 227 (1.4%) account for half of all trees. Most of these are habitat specialists and only dominant in one or two regions of the basin. We discuss some implications of the finding that a small group of species--less diverse than the North American tree flora--accounts for half of the world's most diverse tree community.
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              River dynamics and the diversity of Amazon lowland forest

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                bgoeldi
                Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi. Ciências Humanas
                Bol. Mus. Para. Emílio Goeldi. Ciênc. hum.
                MCTI/Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (Belém, PA, Brazil )
                1981-8122
                2178-2547
                August 2019
                : 14
                : 2
                : 263-289
                Affiliations
                [01] Santarém Pará orgnameIUniversidade Federal do Oeste do Pará Brasil
                Article
                S1981-81222019000200263
                10.1590/1981.81222019000200003
                74cdc1bc-9f26-4bd4-826e-8ff2c948212a

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 29 May 2019
                : 22 July 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 134, Pages: 27
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Dossiê Cenários e Processos das Primeiras Ocupações Humanas no Brasil: O Papel da Pesquisa Arqueológica

                Arqueobotânica,Ocupação humana,Pleistoceno/Holoceno,Amazônia,Human occupation,Archaeobotany,Pleistocene/Holocene,Amazon

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