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      Racismo e insegurança alimentar: mazelas de uma comunidade quilombola da Amazônia legal brasileira Translated title: Racism and food insecurity: misfortunes of a Quilombola community in the Brazilian Legal Amazon

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          Abstract

          Resumo Este estudo analisou a insegurança alimentar na comunidade quilombola Imbiral Cabeça-Branca, no Maranhão, durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Estudo transversal realizado no último trimestre de 2021, com 25 chefes de família da comunidade. A maioria dos participantes eram mulheres (52,0%), com baixa escolaridade, desempregados (68,0%), e 76,0% recebiam o Auxílio Emergencial federal. A densidade domiciliar média era de quatro pessoas, e as casas eram predominantemente de taipa, sem saneamento básico. A água consumida provinha de poços artesanais, e a maioria das casas tinha acesso à eletricidade. A insegurança alimentar foi identificada em todas as famílias, sendo 12,0% classificadas como Leve, 24,0% Moderada e 64,0% Grave. A forma Grave foi mais comum em lares chefiados por homens solteiros (75%), idosos, pessoas com baixa escolaridade (78,7%) e desempregados (64,7%). A insegurança alimentar na comunidade quilombola, assim como em outras comunidades similares no país, é resultado das condições precárias de vida, desemprego, privação de alimentos e falta de titulação de terras. Esses fatores também contribuem para a perpetuação do racismo institucional e ambiental enfrentado por essas comunidades.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract This study examined food insecurity in the Quilombola community of Imbiral Cabeça-Branca, in Maranhão, Brazil, during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the last quarter of 2021 with 25 household heads from the community. Most participants were women (52.0%) with low schooling and were unemployed (68.0%), and 76.0% received a Federal Emergency Aid. The mean household density was four people, and houses were predominantly made of rammed earth, lacking basic sanitation. The consumed water came from artesian wells, and most houses had electricity. Food insecurity was identified in all households, with 12.0% classified as mild, 24.0% as moderate, and 64.0% as severe. The severe form was more common in households headed by single men (75%), older adults, less-educated individuals (78.7%), and the unemployed (64.7%). Food insecurity in the Quilombola community and other similar communities in the country results from substandard living conditions, unemployment, food deprivation, and lack of land titling. These factors also contribute to the perpetuation of institutional and environmental racism faced by these communities.

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            Refinement of the Brazilian Household Food Insecurity Measurement Scale: Recommendation for a 14-item EBIA

            OBJECTIVE: To review and refine Brazilian Household Food Insecurity Measurement Scale structure. METHODS: The study analyzed the impact of removing the item "adult lost weight" and one of two possibly redundant items on Brazilian Household Food Insecurity Measurement Scale psychometric behavior using the one-parameter logistic (Rasch) model. Brazilian Household Food Insecurity Measurement Scale psychometric behavior was analyzed with respect to acceptable adjustment values ranging from 0.7 to 1.3, and to severity scores of the items with theoretically expected gradients. The socioeconomic and food security indicators came from the 2004 National Household Sample Survey, which obtained complete answers to Brazilian Household Food Insecurity Measurement Scale items from 112,665 households. RESULTS: Removing the items "adult reduced amount..." followed by "adult ate less..." did not change the infit of the remaining items, except for "adult lost weight", whose infit increased from 1.21 to 1.56. The internal consistency and item severity scores did not change when "adult ate less" and one of the two redundant items were removed. CONCLUSION: Brazilian Household Food Insecurity Measurement Scale reanalysis reduced the number of scale items from 16 to 14 without changing its internal validity. Its use as a nationwide household food security measure is strongly recommended.
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              Pesquisa de orçamentos familiares 2017-2018: análise da segurança alimentar no Brasil

              (2020)
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                csc
                Ciência & Saúde Coletiva
                Ciênc. saúde coletiva
                ABRASCO - Associação Brasileira de Saúde Coletiva (Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil )
                1413-8123
                1678-4561
                2024
                : 29
                : 3
                : e16672023
                Affiliations
                [4] São Luís orgnameUniversidade Federal do Maranhão orgdiv1Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas Brazil
                [3] Santo Antônio de Jesus Bahia orgnameUniversidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia Brazil
                [2] São Luís orgnameUniversidade Federal do Maranhão Brazil
                [1] São Luís orgnameUniversidade Federal do Maranhão orgdiv1Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Ambiente Brazil joaonutri10@ 123456gmail.com
                [6] Brasília Distrito Federal orgnameUniversidade de Brasília Brazil
                [5] Belém Pará orgnameUniversidade Federal do Pará Brazil
                Article
                S1413-81232024000300221 S1413-8123(24)02900300221
                10.1590/1413-81232024293.16672023
                732beb28-de4d-4a61-9a81-28f8636c6d55

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 24 October 2023
                : 23 January 2024
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 41, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Public Health

                Categories
                ARTIGO TEMÁTICO

                Health of the Black Population,Saúde da População Negra,Quilombolas,Insegurança Alimentar,COVID-19,Quilombola Communities,Food Insecurity

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