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      PlatMine pillar strength formula for the UG2 Reef

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          Abstract

          The Upper Group 2 (UG2) chromitite reef is a shallow-dipping stratiform tabular orebody in the South African Bushveld Complex, which strikes for hundreds of kilometres. Mining is extensive, with depths ranging from close-to-surface to 2 500 m. Pillars are widely used to support the open stopes and bords. Little work has been done in the past to determine the strength of pillars on the UG2 Reef and design was done using formulae developed for other hard-rock mines. This has led to oversized pillars with consequent sterilization of ore. In this paper we describe a back-analysis of stable and failed UG2 pillars on the Bushveld platinum mines, and provides a strength formula for UG2 pillars. The formula may be used cautiously on all Bushveld platinum mines with similar geotechnical, geometrical, and geomechanical conditions to the pillars in the database.

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          The strength of hard-rock pillars

          C.D. Martin, W.G Maybee (2000)
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            Merensky pillar strength formulae based on back-analysis of pillar failures at Impala Platinum

            B.P. Watson, J.A. Ryder, M.O. Kataka … (2008)
            The Bushveld platinum group metal deposits are two distinct, shallow-dipping stratiform tabular orebodies and strike for many hundreds of kilometres. Mining is extensive, with depths ranging from close-to-surface to 2 000 m. The mining method is a variation of planar open stoping. Pillars are widely used to support the open stopes. Little work has been done in the past to determine pillar strength and pillars have been designed using experience and formulae developed for other hard-rock mines. This has led to oversize pillars with consequential loss of ore or undersize pillars resulting in potential collapses or pillar bursts. This paper describes a back-analysis of pillar failures at Impala Platinum, just north of Rustenburg, and provides insights into pillar behaviour. Strength formulae are presented for Merensky Reef pillars at Impala. These formulae may be used cautiously on other platinum mines with similar geotechnical and geomechanical conditions.
            Article 0 comments Cited 19 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              A study of the strength of coal pillars

              M.D.G. Salamon, A.H Munro, M Salamon … (1967)
              Article 0 comments Cited 16 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (publisher-id): jsaimm
                Title: Journal of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy
                Abbreviated Title: J. S. Afr. Inst. Min. Metall.
                Publisher: The Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy (Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa )
                ISSN (Print): 2225-6253
                ISSN (Electronic): 2411-9717
                Publication date (Print and electronic): August 2021
                Volume: 121
                Issue: 8
                Pages: 437-448
                Affiliations
                [03] orgnameSibanyestillwater South Africa
                [01] orgnameUniversity of Witwatersrand South Africa
                [02] orgnameMine Support Consultants South Africa
                Article
                Publisher ID: S2225-62532021000800011 Publisher ID: S2225-6253(21)12100800011
                DOI: 10.17159/2411-9717/1387/2021
                SO-VID: 6f51ac8b-7e7e-4b38-a4a2-0f23c502814f
                License:

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                Date received : 22 September 2020
                Date accepted : 06 June 2021
                Date revision received : 17 March 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 26, Pages: 12
                Product

                SciELO South Africa

                Self URI: Full text available only in PDF format (EN)
                Categories
                Subject: Professional Technical and Scientific Papers

                Keywords: UG2,pillar strength formula,chromitite,back-analysis
                Data availability:
                Keywords: UG2, pillar strength formula, chromitite, back-analysis

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