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      Self-Efficacy and Depression in Boxers: A Mediation Model

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          Abstract

          Background

          Depression has become one of the most common problems faced by athletes. In many mental health problems, its production and development mechanisms and influencing factors have received full attention from researchers, whereas boxers’ depression has received limited attention. This study explored the relationship between boxers’ self-efficacy and depression, as well as the effect of self-control as a mediating factor.

          Methods

          This study used the athlete self-efficacy scale (ASES), the self-control scale (SCS), and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies depression scale (CES-D). Using a large number of randomly selected samples, a total of N=231 boxers (age: M =20.28, SD = 2.60, ages around 18 to 32; the total number of years of exercise: M = 6.07 years, SD = 2.90, years around 1 to 15; 144 male) of Chinese national athletes participated the study.

          Results

          Self-efficacy and self-control were negatively correlated with depression; self-efficacy was positively correlated with self-control. In addition, self-control played a partial mediation role between self-efficacy and depression among boxers.

          Conclusion

          Above all, an important way to improve and prevent the depression of Chinese boxers maybe enhance their level of self-efficacy and self-control.

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          Most cited references77

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          Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives

          Li‐tze Hu, Peter M. Bentler (1999)
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            The CES-D Scale: A Self-Report Depression Scale for Research in the General Population

            L Radloff (1977)
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              Social cognitive theory: an agentic perspective.

              Albert Bandura (2001)
              The capacity to exercise control over the nature and quality of one's life is the essence of humanness. Human agency is characterized by a number of core features that operate through phenomenal and functional consciousness. These include the temporal extension of agency through intentionality and forethought, self-regulation by self-reactive influence, and self-reflectiveness about one's capabilities, quality of functioning, and the meaning and purpose of one's life pursuits. Personal agency operates within a broad network of sociostructural influences. In these agentic transactions, people are producers as well as products of social systems. Social cognitive theory distinguishes among three modes of agency: direct personal agency, proxy agency that relies on others to act on one's behest to secure desired outcomes, and collective agency exercised through socially coordinative and interdependent effort. Growing transnational embeddedness and interdependence are placing a premium on collective efficacy to exercise control over personal destinies and national life.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Front Psychiatry
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Front Psychiatry
                Journal ID (publisher-id): Front. Psychiatry
                Title: Frontiers in Psychiatry
                Publisher: Frontiers Media S.A.
                ISSN (Electronic): 1664-0640
                Publication date (Electronic): 29 September 2020
                Publication date Collection: 2020
                Volume: 11
                Electronic Location Identifier: 00791
                Affiliations
                [1] 1 Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich , Munich, Germany
                [2] 2 General and Experimental Psychology, Department of Psychology, LMU Munich , Munich, Germany
                [3] 3 Shanghai University of Sport , Shanghai, China
                [4] 4 College of Physical Education, Institute of Sport Science, Southwest University , Chongqing, China
                [5] 5 College of Physical Education, Sichuan Agricultural University , Yaan, China
                Author notes

                Edited by: Paul R. Courtney, University of Gloucestershire, United Kingdom

                Reviewed by: Fahimeh Malekinezhad, University of Gloucestershire, United Kingdom; Marinella Coco, Università di Catania, Italy

                *Correspondence: Xin Chen, cx18996401842@ 123456163.com ; Guodong Zhang, lygd777@ 123456swu.edu.cn

                This article was submitted to Public Mental Health, a section of the journal Frontiers in Psychiatry

                Article
                DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00791
                PMC ID: 7550717
                PubMed ID: 33132920
                SO-VID: 6f509df8-2361-4411-898a-32797b841951
                Copyright © Copyright © 2020 Chen, Qiu, Chen, Wang, Zhang and Zhai
                License:

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

                History
                Date received : 01 February 2020
                Date accepted : 23 July 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 2, Tables: 1, Equations: 0, References: 81, Pages: 7, Words: 3812
                Categories
                Subject: Psychiatry
                Subject: Original Research

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                Keywords: self-efficacy,self-control,depression,mediating effect,boxers
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                Keywords: self-efficacy, self-control, depression, mediating effect, boxers

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