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      Overview of Several Typical Ceramic Materials for Restorative Dentistry

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          Abstract

          With the development of ceramic technology, prosthodontic ceramics are becoming a useful option for improving esthetic outcomes in dentistry. In this paper, various ceramic materials were reviewed and evaluated, and their advantages and disadvantages and indications in oral prosthodontics were analyzed objectively. The properties of resin-based ceramics, polycrystalline ceramics, and silicate ceramics were compared and analyzed. Resin-based ceramics may replace other ceramic materials in the CAD/CAM field.

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          Novel Zirconia Materials in Dentistry

          Y. Zhang, B.R. LAWN (2017)
          Zirconias, the strongest of the dental ceramics, are increasingly being fabricated in monolithic form for a range of clinical applications. Y-TZP (yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal) is the most widely used variant. However, current Y-TZP ceramics on the market lack the aesthetics of competitive glass-ceramics and are therefore somewhat restricted in the anterior region. This article reviews the progressive development of currently available and next-generation zirconias, representing a concerted drive toward greater translucency while preserving adequate strength and toughness. Limitations of efforts directed toward this end are examined, such as reducing the content of light-scattering alumina sintering aid or incorporating a component of optically isotropic cubic phase into the tetragonal structure. The latest fabrication routes based on refined starting powders and dopants, with innovative sintering protocols and associated surface treatments, are described. The need to understand the several, often complex, mechanisms of long-term failure in relation to routine laboratory test data is presented as a vital step in bridging the gaps among material scientist, dental manufacturer, and clinical provider.
          Article 0 comments Cited 126 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            A review of dental CAD/CAM: current status and future perspectives from 20 years of experience

            Takashi Miyazaki, Yasuhiro Hotta, Jun Kunii … (2009)
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              An overview of zirconia ceramics: basic properties and clinical applications.

              Luca Raffaelli, Paolo Francesco Manicone, L. P. Rossi (2007)
              Zirconia (ZrO2) is a ceramic material with adequate mechanical properties for manufacturing of medical devices. Zirconia stabilized with Y2O3 has the best properties for these applications. When a stress occurs on a ZrO2 surface, a crystalline modification opposes the propagation of cracks. Compression resistance of ZrO2 is about 2000 MPa. Orthopedic research led to this material being proposed for the manufacture of hip head prostheses. Prior to this, zirconia biocompatibility had been studied in vivo; no adverse responses were reported following the insertion of ZrO2 samples into bone or muscle. In vitro experimentation showed absence of mutations and good viability of cells cultured on this material. Zirconia cores for fixed partial dentures (FPD) on anterior and posterior teeth and on implants are now available. Clinical evaluation of abutments and periodontal tissue must be performed prior to their use. Zirconia opacity is very useful in adverse clinical situations, for example, for masking of dischromic abutment teeth. Radiopacity can aid evaluation during radiographic controls. Zirconia frameworks are realized by using computer-aided design/manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology. Cementation of Zr-ceramic restorations can be performed with adhesive luting. Mechanical properties of zirconium oxide FPDs have proved superior to those of other metal-free restorations. Clinical evaluations, which have been ongoing for 3 years, indicate a good success rate for zirconia FPDs. Zirconia implant abutments can also be used to improve the aesthetic outcome of implant-supported rehabilitations. Newly proposed zirconia implants seem to have good biological and mechanical properties; further studies are needed to validate their application.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Jianmin Han:
                ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5857-2808
                Eui-Seok Lee:
                ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1818-1140
                Yunhan Sun:
                ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8641-0825
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Biomed Res Int
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Biomed Res Int
                Journal ID (publisher-id): BMRI
                Title: BioMed Research International
                Publisher: Hindawi
                ISSN (Print): 2314-6133
                ISSN (Electronic): 2314-6141
                Publication date Collection: 2022
                Publication date (Electronic): 18 July 2022
                Volume: 2022
                Electronic Location Identifier: 8451445
                Affiliations
                1Department of Dental Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing 100081, China
                2The CONVERSATIONALIST Club, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
                3Department and Research Institute of Dental Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
                4Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Clinical Dentistry, Korea University, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea
                Author notes

                Academic Editor: Bruna Sinjari

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9455-6648
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4558-3559
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8204-8627
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7281-229X
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2514-2633
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5857-2808
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1818-1140
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8641-0825
                Article
                DOI: 10.1155/2022/8451445
                PMC ID: 9314004
                PubMed ID: 35898679
                SO-VID: 6d6ee472-05ac-4104-ab10-fff09808bcaf
                Copyright © Copyright © 2022 Hao Yu Shi et al.
                License:

                This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Date received : 13 March 2022
                Date accepted : 28 June 2022
                Funding
                Funded by: National Key Research and Development Project
                Award ID: 2019YFE0101100
                Categories
                Subject: Review Article

                Data availability:

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