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      Will containment of wild poliovirus in laboratories and inactivated poliovirus vaccine production sites be effective for global certification? Translated title: Contención del poliovirus salvaje en los laboratorios y en los centros de producción de vacuna antipoliomielítica inactivada: ¿una opción útil para la certificación mundial? Translated title: Efficacité du confinement des poliovirus sauvages en laboratoire et de la limitation des sites de production du VPI pour la certification mondiale

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          Abstract

          The absolute laboratory containment of any virus cannot be guaranteed, but a wealth of experience indicates that effective containment of wild poliovirus materials for global certification is technically and operationally feasible. Effective containment is based on the principles of minimal wild poliovirus infectious and potentially infectious materials in laboratories; minimal risks of operations in laboratories and inactivated poliovirus vaccine production facilities; minimal susceptibility of workers to wild poliovirus infection and shedding; and minimal susceptibility of populations to wild poliovirus spread. Each principle alone is imperfect, but collectively they greatly minimize the risks of transmitting wild poliovirus from the laboratory to the community.

          Translated abstract

          La contención absoluta de cualquier virus en el laboratorio no es algo que pueda garantizarse, pero la abundante experiencia adquirida indica que la contención del material de poliovirus salvaje con miras a la la certificación mundial sí es una alternativa técnica y operativamente viable. La eficacia de la contención se basa en los principios de reducción al mínimo del material de poliovirus salvaje infeccioso y potencialmente infeccioso; de los riesgos de las operaciones realizadas en los laboratorios y en los centros de producción de vacuna antipoliomielítica inactivada; de la vulnerabilidad de los trabajadores a la infección por poliovirus salvaje y a su eliminación; y de la vulnerabilidad de las poblaciones al poliovirus salvaje. Cada uno de esos principios es insuficiente por sí solo, pero aplicados conjuntamente reducen enormemente el riesgo de transmisión del poliovirus salvaje de los laboratorios a la comunidad.

          Translated abstract

          S'il est impossible de garantir dans l'absolu le confinement d'un virus en laboratoire, un grand nombre d'expériences montrent à ce jour que, dans le cadre de la certification mondiale, le confinement efficace des matières renfermant des poliovirus sauvages est réalisable sur le plan technique et opérationnel. Il faut pour cela appliquer les principes suivants : conserver des quantités minimales de matériel infectieux ou potentiellement infectieux en laboratoire ; réduire au minimum les risques opérationnels dans les laboratoires et les sites de fabrication du vaccin antipoliomyélitique inactivé ; pour les employés de ces structures, présenter une sensibilité minimale à l'infection par le poliovirus sauvage et un risque minimal d'excrétion de celui-ci ; ramener au niveau minimal la sensibilité des populations à la propagation du virus sauvage. Chaque principe ne suffit pas à lui seul mais, appliqués conjointement, ils permettent une diminution importante du risque de transmission du poliovirus sauvage dans les communautés à partir des laboratoires.

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          Most cited references37

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          Mucosal Immunity Induced by Enhanced-Potency Inactivated and Oral Polio Vaccines

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            Laboratory biosafety manual

            (2004)
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              Laboratory-associated infections: summary and analysis of 3921 cases.

              R Pike (1976)
              Instances of overt laboratory-associated infection recorded in published reports and additional cases disclosed by questionnaires and personal communications have been tabulated. Of a total of 3921 cases, 2465 occurred in the United States and 164 were fatal. Only 64% of the cases were reported in the literature. Analysis of the available information revealed that only 18% of the infections were due to known accidents; 42% were caused by bacteria; 27% by viruses; 15% by rickettsiae; 9% by fungi; 3% by chlamydiae; and 3% by parasites. It may be significant that fewer infections have been recorded in the past decade than in any of the four preceding decades. Possible reasons for this apparent decrease are discussed.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                bwho
                Bulletin of the World Health Organization
                Bull World Health Organ
                World Health Organization (Genebra, Genebra, Switzerland )
                0042-9686
                January 2004
                : 82
                : 1
                : 59-62
                Affiliations
                [01] Atlanta GA orgnameTask Force for Child Survival and Development USA wdowdle@ 123456taskforce.org
                [03] Geneva orgnameWorld Health Organization orgdiv1Quality and Safety of Biologicals Switzerland
                [04] Ottawa orgnameOffice of Biosafety Health Canada Ottawa Canada
                [02] Geneva orgnameWorld Health Organization Switzerland
                Article
                S0042-96862004000100013 S0042-9686(04)08200113
                15106302
                685dd66a-3c0d-439d-9c2b-9085017cc9da

                History
                : 21 August 2003
                : 30 May 2003
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 18, Pages: 4
                Product

                SciELO Public Health

                Self URI: Full text available only in PDF format (EN)
                Categories
                Round Table

                Certification,Vaccin antipoliomyélitique inactivé,Infection laboratoire,Laboratoire,Maîtrise risque biologique,Virus variole,Poliovirus humain,Certificación,Vacuna antipolio de virus inactivados,Infección de laboratorio,Laboratorios,Contención de riesgos biológicos,Virus variola,Poliovirus,Inactivated,Poliovirus vaccine,Laboratory infection,Laboratories,Containment of biohazards,Variola virus

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