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      Nutty Carbon: Morphology Replicating Hard Carbon from Walnut Shell for Na Ion Battery Anode

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          Abstract

          Efficient Na ion intercalation/deintercalation in the semigraphitic lattice of a hard carbon derived from the walnut shell is demonstrated. High-temperature (1000 °C) pyrolysis of walnut shells under an inert atmosphere yields a hard carbon with a low surface area (59 m 2 g –1) and a large interplanar c axis separation of 0.39–0.36 nm as compared to 0.32 nm for graphite, suitable for Na ion intercalation/deintercalation. A stable reversible capacity of 257 mAh g –1 is observed at a current density of 50 mA g –1 for such nutshell-derived carbon (NDC) with an impressive rate performance. No loss of electrochemical performance is observed for high current cycling (100 mA g –1 → 2 A g –1 → 100 mA g –1). Additionally, the NDC shows remarkably stable electrochemical performance up to 300 charge–discharge cycles at 100 mA g –1 with a minimal drop in capacity.

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          Research development on sodium-ion batteries.

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            Sodium-Ion Batteries

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              Electrochemical Na Insertion and Solid Electrolyte Interphase for Hard-Carbon Electrodes and Application to Na-Ion Batteries

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                ACS Omega
                ACS Omega
                ao
                acsodf
                ACS Omega
                American Chemical Society
                2470-1343
                13 July 2017
                31 July 2017
                : 2
                : 7
                : 3601-3609
                Affiliations
                []Physical and Material Chemistry Division, National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL) , Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India
                []Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) , Anusandhan Bhavan, 2, Rafi Marg, New Delhi 110011, India
                [§ ]India Department of Physics, Centre for Energy Science, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER-Pune) , Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
                Author notes
                Article
                10.1021/acsomega.7b00633
                6044944
                64529890-7c7c-4249-9b09-3e58170def1a
                Copyright © 2017 American Chemical Society

                This is an open access article published under an ACS AuthorChoice License, which permits copying and redistribution of the article or any adaptations for non-commercial purposes.

                History
                : 19 May 2017
                : 03 July 2017
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                ao7b00633
                ao-2017-00633k

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