Association between parental feeding behavior and child anemia of Kazak preschool children in agricultural and pastoral areas of Xinjiang

Abstract

Objective To understand parental feeding behavior and cognitive development among Kazak preschool children in agricultural and pastoral areas in Xinjiang, and to provide reference for anemia prevention in preschool children in this area.

Methods In May 2019, a total of 1 846 Kazak preschool children were selected from the agricultural and pastoral areas of Xinjiang by stratified cluster sampling method, and parental feeding behavior and child anemia status were assessed.

Results The detection rate of anemia in Kazak preschool children in agricultural and pastoral areas in Xinjiang was 49.19%, and the detection rates of mild and moderate anemia were 29.52% and 19.66%, respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the detection rate of anemia in preschool children in terms of age, father’s education, mother’s education, and family per capita income (χ ²=162.06, 8.17, 16.86, 11.14, P<0.05); There were statistically significant differences in the types of complementary food, nutritional anemia, breastfeeding time, and whether or not to force feeding (χ ²=6.33, 8.91, 4.06, 21.55, P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that parents unclear about the type of complementary food ( OR=1.36, 95% CI=1.09–1.68), nutritional anemia ( OR=1.38, 95% CI=1.08–1.77), feeding time less than 24 months or unawareness ( OR=1.46, 95% CI=1.01–2.11) and forced feeding ( OR=1.42, 95% CI=1.13–1.78) were positively correlated with the detection rate of anemia in preschool children ( P<0.05).

Conclusion Kazak preschool children in agricultural and pastoral areas in Xinjiang have severe anemia. There is a relationship between parental feeding behavior and children’s anemia, which warrants further efforts to improve preschool children’s anemia.

Abstract

【摘要】 目的 了解新疆农牧区哈萨克族学龄前儿童家长喂养行为和认知状况, 为预防该地区学龄前儿童贫血提供参 考。 方法 2019 年 5 月采用分层整群抽样方法在新疆农牧区共抽取 1 846 名哈萨克族学龄前儿童, 对其贫血状况进行检 测, 对其家长进行喂养行为调査。 结果 新疆农牧区哈萨克族学龄前儿童贫血检出率为 49.19%, 其中轻度、中重度贫血检 出率分别为 29.52%, 19.66%。学龄前儿童贫血检出率在不同年龄、父亲学历、母亲学历、家庭人均月收人方面相比较, 差异 均有统计学意义 (χ ² 值分别为 162.06, 8.17, 16.86, 11.14, P 值均<0.05); 在不同辅食种类、营养性贫血、母乳喂养时间、是否 强迫进食方面比较, 差异均有统计学意义 (χ ² 值分别为 6.33, 8.91, 4.06, 21.55, P 值均<0.05)。Logistic 回归分析显示, 不清 楚辅食种类 ( OR=1.36, 95% CI=1.09~1.68)、不清楚营养性贫血 ( OR=1.38, 95% CI=1.08~1.77)、喂养时间不满 24 个月或 不清楚 ( OR=1.46, 95% CI=1.01~2.11)、强迫进食 ( OR=1.42, 95% CI=1.13~1.78) 与学龄前儿童贫血的检出率呈正相关 ( P 值均<0.05)。 结论 新疆农牧区哈萨克族学龄前儿童贫血状况严重。家长喂养行为与儿童贫血之间存在关联, 是今后改 善学龄前儿童贫血的重要方面和途径。