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      FRAMING THE VIOLENCE: a typology of aggressions against journalists and press freedom in Peru Translated title: ENQUADRANDO A VIOLÊNCIA: uma tipologia das agressões contra jornalistas e a liberdade de imprensa no peru Translated title: ENMARCANDO LA VIOLENCIA: una tipología de las agresiones contra periodistas y la libertad de prensa en perú

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          Abstract

          ABSTRACT This study examines the Peruvian context in order to propose a comprehensive typology of aggressions against journalists and media outlets. Analyzing data from 2022 – a year characterized by political turmoil in Peru – the authors introduce a six-factor classification of attacks, accounting for the type of harm, means of aggression, identity of the attacker, underlying motivations, frequency of attacks, and vulnerability of the victims. This typology suggests a potential connection between politically motivated attacks and efforts to obstruct the normative role of the press.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMO Este estudo usa o caso peruano para propor uma nova e ampla tipologia de agressões contra jornalistas e meios de comunicação. Empregando uma abordagem abrangente, os autores analisaram dados de 2022 – ano marcado pela turbulência política no Peru – e propõem uma classificação de seis fatores de ataques, distinguindo entre o tipo de dano, os meios de agressão, a identidade do agressor, as motivações subjacentes, a frequência dos ataques e a vulnerabilidade das vítimas. A aplicação desta tipologia também mostra uma possível ligação entre ataques com motivação política e a intenção de obstruir o papel normativo da imprensa.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMEN Este estudio utiliza el caso peruano para proponer una nueva y amplia tipología de agresiones contra periodistas y medios de comunicación. Empleando un enfoque integral, los autores analizaron datos del año 2022 – marcado por la turbulencia política en Perú – y proponen una clasificación de ataques basado en seis factores, que distinguen el tipo de daño, los medios de agresión, la identidad del agresor, las motivaciones subyacentes, la frecuencia de los ataques y la vulnerabilidad de las víctimas. La aplicación de esta tipología también muestra un posible vínculo entre los ataques políticamente motivados y una intención de obstaculizar el rol normativo de la prensa.

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          The Discovery of Grounded Theory : Strategies for Qualitative Research

          Most writing on sociological method has been concerned with how accurate facts can be obtained and how theory can thereby be more rigorously tested. In The Discovery of Grounded Theory, Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss address the equally Important enterprise of how the discovery of theory from data--systematically obtained and analyzed in social research--can be furthered. The discovery of theory from data--grounded theory--is a major task confronting sociology, for such a theory fits empirical situations, and is understandable to sociologists and laymen alike. Most important, it provides relevant predictions, explanations, interpretations, and applications. In Part I of the book, -Generation Theory by Comparative Analysis, - the authors present a strategy whereby sociologists can facilitate the discovery of grounded theory, both substantive and formal. This strategy involves the systematic choice and study of several comparison groups. In Part II, The Flexible Use of Data, - the generation of theory from qualitative, especially documentary, and quantitative data Is considered. In Part III, -Implications of Grounded Theory, - Glaser and Strauss examine the credibility of grounded theory. The Discovery of Grounded Theory is directed toward improving social scientists' capacity for generating theory that will be relevant to their research. While aimed primarily at sociologists, it will be useful to anyone Interested In studying social phenomena--political, educational, economic, industrial-- especially If their studies are based on qualitative data.
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            Comparing grounded theory and topic modeling: Extreme divergence or unlikely convergence?

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              Four Theories of the Press: The Authoritarian, Libertarian, Social Responsibility and Soviet Communist Concepts of What the Press Should Be and Do

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                bjr
                Brazilian Journalism Research
                Braz. Journal. Res.
                Associação Brasileira de Pesquisadores em Jornalismo (SBPJor) (Brasília, DF, Brazil )
                1808-4079
                1981-9854
                2024
                : 20
                : 2
                : E1638
                Affiliations
                [01] Lima Lima orgnamePontificia Universidad Católica del Perú Peru andres.calderon@ 123456pucp.edu.pe
                [02] Lima Lima orgnamePontificia Universidad Católica del Perú Peru gonzalesg.s@ 123456pucp.edu.pe
                [03] Lima Lima orgnameUniversidad del Pacífico Peru f.chocanov@ 123456alum.up.edu.pe
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9922-6517
                https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7150-8282
                https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9671-7358
                Article
                S1981-98542024000200404 S1981-9854(24)02000200404
                10.25200/bjr.v20n2.2024.1638
                5c22c6dd-286b-454f-9501-c92c5763e7ca

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 21 August 2023
                : 10 June 2024
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 45, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Dossier

                Liberdade de expressão,Pós-verdade,Segurança para os jornalistas,Violência contra os jornalistas,Libertad de expresión,Libertad de prensa,Posverdad,Seguridad para los periodistas,Violencia contra los periodistas,Freedom of expression,Press freedom,Post-truth,Safety for journalists,Violence against journalists,Liberdade de imprensa

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