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      La place du clou Telegraph court dans le traitement des fractures de l'extrémité supérieure de l'humérus: à propos de 19 cas Translated title: The role of short Telegraph nail in the treatment of fractures of the upper end of the humerus: about 19 cases

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          Abstract

          La fracture de l'extrémité supérieure de l'humérus est la troisième fracture en fréquence chez les sujets âgés et leur répartition est bimodale touchant préférentiellement le sujet âgé ostéoporotique après un traumatisme à faible énergie ou plus rarement le sujet jeune par mécanisme à forte cinétique. Le traitement des fractures complexes de l'humérus proximal est le sujet de nombreuses controverses Le clou Telegraph constitue une approche thérapeutique très efficace pour les fractures déplacées de l'extrémité supérieure de l'humérus, de technique chirurgicale facile mais avec une courbe d'apprentissage et permettant un protocole de rééducation dans l'immédiat de l'intervention. C'est un matériel d'enclouage antérograde de 15 cm de long, plein verrouillé en proximal et en distal, le verrouillage proximal est assuré par 4 vis spongieuses, de filetage long, stables dans le clou et cela confère une solidité tout-à-fait remarquable à ce montage alors que le verrouillage distal est assuré au niveau du V deltoïdien en zone avasculaire et là où il n'y a pas de passage nerveux. L’étude présentée concerne 19 patients traités par un clou Telegraph court dans le traitement des fractures de l'extrémité supérieure de l'humérus entre 2013 et 2015 et elle a pour but d'analyser les résultats radio-cliniques et d’évaluer la répercussion de cette technique sur la fonction de l’épaule. Le clou Telegraph proposé depuis plus de 12 ans à peu près, a rencontré et continue de rencontrer un réel succès. Il permet de traiter très efficacement les fractures simples type 2 et 3, mais aussi les fractures impactées en valgus à 4 fragments. L'ostéosynthèse par clou Telegraph est une solution efficace, rapide et reproductible dans le traitement chirurgical des fractures de l'extrémité supérieur de l'humérus même en cas des fractures complexes et permet une reprise rapide de la mobilité de l’épaule.

          Translated abstract

          The fracture of the upper end of the humerus is the third most frequent fracture in the elderly and its distribution is bimodal, preferentially affecting osteoporotic elderly patients after low energy trauma or, more rarely, young subjects as a consequence of severe kinetic mechanism The treatment of complex fractures of the proximal humerus is the subject of much controversy. Telegraph nail is a highly effective therapeutic approach for displaced fractures of the upper end of the humerus. Surgical procedure is easy but with a learning curve; it allows to start rehabilitation protocol immediately after surgery. It is an antegrade nailing material, 15 cm long, with full proximal and distal locking. Proximal locking is secured by 4 cancellous screws, long thread, stable in the nail ensuring perfect solidity of the assembly while the distal locking screw is secured to deltoid tuberosity in the avascular zone and where there is no neural pathway. This study reports 19 case of patients with fractures of the humerus treated with short Telegraph nail between 2013 and 2015. It aims to investigate radio-clinical results and to assess the impact of this technique on shoulder function. Telegraph nail that has been used for more than 12 years or so met and continues to meet with strong success. It allows to trat very effectively simple fractures type 2 and 3, but also 4-fragment valgus impacted fractures Osteosynthesis by Telegraph nail is an efficient, rapid and reproducible surgical treatment option of the fractures of the upper end of the humerus even in case of complex fractures and allows for a more rapid return of shoulder mobility.

          Most cited references21

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          Displaced proximal humeral fractures. I. Classification and evaluation.

          C S Neer (1970)
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            Epidemiologic features of humeral fractures.

            Five hundred sixty-four Rochester, Minnesota, residents had a total of 586 humeral fractures during the period from 1965 to 1974. Of these, 47% involved the proximal humerus, and 20% the humeral shaft, and 33% the distal humerus. The incidence of humeral fractures associated with severe trauma was relatively higher among children and young adults, and distal humeral fractures predominated. Among the elderly, however, proximal humeral fractures associated with moderate trauma were most common and were responsible for the excess humeral fracture incidence rates among women and the dramatic increase in rates with age for both sexes. Rochester incidence rates for all three humeral fracture sites were substantially greater than those previously reported from the United Kingdom, although the proximal humeral fracture incidence was very similar to that in Malmo, Sweden. The Rochester rates appear to be the best available for use in determining the costs and benefits of efforts to prevent these and other aging or osteoporosis-related fractures in the United States.
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              Functional outcome after minimally displaced fractures of the proximal part of the humerus.

              One hundred and four patients who had a minimally displaced fracture of the proximal part of the humerus (a so-called one-part fracture) were managed with a standardized therapy regimen and followed for more than one year. The clinical outcome was assessed on the basis of pain, function, and the range of motion of the shoulder. The duration of follow-up averaged forty-one months (range, twelve to 117 months). All fractures united without additional displacement. Eighty patients (77 per cent) had a good or excellent result, fourteen (13 per cent) had a fair result, and ten (10 per cent) had a poor result. Ninety four patients (90 per cent) had either no or mild pain in the shoulder, eight (8 per cent) had moderate pain, and two (2 per cent) had severe pain. Functional recovery averaged 94 per cent; forty-eight patients (46 per cent) had 100 per cent functional recovery. At the time of the most recent follow-up, forward elevation of the injured shoulder averaged 89 per cent; external rotation, 87 per cent; and internal rotation, 88 per cent that of the uninjured shoulder. The percentage of good and excellent results was significantly greater (p < 0.01) and external rotation was significantly better (p < 0.01) at the time of the latest follow-up for the patients who had started supervised physical therapy less than fourteen days after the injury than for the patients who had started such therapy at fourteen days or later.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Pan Afr Med J
                Pan Afr Med J
                PAMJ
                The Pan African Medical Journal
                The African Field Epidemiology Network
                1937-8688
                10 May 2016
                2016
                : 24
                : 36
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique et de Traumatologie, CHU Ibn Sina, Rabat, Maroc
                [2 ]Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique et de Traumatologie, Centre hospitalier de Chambéry, France
                Author notes
                [& ]Corresponding author: Mohamed Amine Karabila, Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique et de Traumatologie, CHU Ibn Sina, Rabat, Maroc
                Article
                PAMJ-24-36
                10.11604/pamj.2016.24.36.8709
                4992369
                573047ab-45d4-4c84-82b0-9736717c7ec1
                © Mohamed Amine karabila et al.

                The Pan African Medical Journal - ISSN 1937-8688. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 24 December 2015
                : 10 April 2016
                Categories
                Case Series

                Medicine
                clou,humérus,fracture,nail,humerus
                Medicine
                clou, humérus, fracture, nail, humerus

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