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      Quasi-2D Dion-Jacobson phase perovskites as a promising material platform for stable and high-performance lasers

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          Abstract

          Metal halide perovskites have shown outstanding optoelectronic and nonlinear optical properties; yet, to realize wafer-scale high-performance perovskite-integrated photonics, the materials also need to have excellent ambient stability and compatibility with nanofabrication processes. In this work, we introduce Dion-Jacobson (D-J) phase perovskites for photonic device applications. By combining self-assembled monolayer-assisted film growth with thermal pressing, we obtain a series of compact and extremely smooth D-J phase perovskite thin films that exhibit excellent stability during electron-beam lithography, solvent development, and rinse. Combining spectroscopic and morphological characterizations, we further demonstrate how organic spacers can be used to fine-tune the photophysical properties and processability of the perovskite films. The distributed-feedback lasers based on the D-J phase perovskites exhibit a low lasing threshold (5.5 μJ cm −2 pumped with nanosecond laser), record high Q factor (up to 30,000), and excellent stability, with an unencapsulated device demonstrating a T 90 beyond 60 hours in ambient conditions (50% relative humidity).

          Abstract

          A solution-processed semiconductor platform is developed for nanofabrication of high-quality laser structures.

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          Most cited references48

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          Perovskite energy funnels for efficient light-emitting diodes.

          Organometal halide perovskites exhibit large bulk crystal domain sizes, rare traps, excellent mobilities and carriers that are free at room temperature-properties that support their excellent performance in charge-separating devices. In devices that rely on the forward injection of electrons and holes, such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs), excellent mobilities contribute to the efficient capture of non-equilibrium charge carriers by rare non-radiative centres. Moreover, the lack of bound excitons weakens the competition of desired radiative (over undesired non-radiative) recombination. Here we report a perovskite mixed material comprising a series of differently quantum-size-tuned grains that funnels photoexcitations to the lowest-bandgap light-emitter in the mixture. The materials function as charge carrier concentrators, ensuring that radiative recombination successfully outcompetes trapping and hence non-radiative recombination. We use the new material to build devices that exhibit an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 8.8% and a radiance of 80 W sr(-1) m(-2). These represent the brightest and most efficient solution-processed near-infrared LEDs to date.
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            Ruddlesden–Popper Hybrid Lead Iodide Perovskite 2D Homologous Semiconductors

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              Lead halide perovskite nanowire lasers with low lasing thresholds and high quality factors.

              The remarkable performance of lead halide perovskites in solar cells can be attributed to the long carrier lifetimes and low non-radiative recombination rates, the same physical properties that are ideal for semiconductor lasers. Here, we show room-temperature and wavelength-tunable lasing from single-crystal lead halide perovskite nanowires with very low lasing thresholds (220 nJ cm(-2)) and high quality factors (Q ∼ 3,600). The lasing threshold corresponds to a charge carrier density as low as 1.5 × 10(16) cm(-3). Kinetic analysis based on time-resolved fluorescence reveals little charge carrier trapping in these single-crystal nanowires and gives estimated lasing quantum yields approaching 100%. Such lasing performance, coupled with the facile solution growth of single-crystal nanowires and the broad stoichiometry-dependent tunability of emission colour, makes lead halide perovskites ideal materials for the development of nanophotonics, in parallel with the rapid development in photovoltaics from the same materials.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data curationRole: Formal analysisRole: Funding acquisitionRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Project administrationRole: ResourcesRole: SoftwareRole: SupervisionRole: ValidationRole: VisualizationRole: Writing - original draftRole: Writing - review & editing
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data curationRole: Formal analysisRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Project administrationRole: ResourcesRole: SoftwareRole: SupervisionRole: ValidationRole: Writing - review & editing
                Role: Formal analysisRole: InvestigationRole: ValidationRole: VisualizationRole: Writing - original draftRole: Writing - review & editing
                Role: Data curationRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Project administrationRole: ResourcesRole: Supervision
                Role: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: SoftwareRole: ValidationRole: Writing - review & editing
                Role: MethodologyRole: Writing - original draftRole: Writing - review & editing
                Role: Formal analysisRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Software
                Role: Data curationRole: Funding acquisitionRole: MethodologyRole: Project administrationRole: ResourcesRole: SupervisionRole: Validation
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Funding acquisitionRole: Project administrationRole: SupervisionRole: ValidationRole: VisualizationRole: Writing - original draftRole: Writing - review & editing
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Funding acquisitionRole: MethodologyRole: Project administrationRole: ResourcesRole: SupervisionRole: Visualization
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data curationRole: Funding acquisitionRole: MethodologyRole: Project administrationRole: SupervisionRole: ValidationRole: VisualizationRole: Writing - original draft
                Journal
                Sci Adv
                Sci Adv
                sciadv
                advances
                Science Advances
                American Association for the Advancement of Science
                2375-2548
                27 October 2023
                27 October 2023
                : 9
                : 43
                : eadj3476
                Affiliations
                [ 1 ]Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.
                [ 2 ]Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
                [ 3 ]Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.
                [ 4 ]Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
                Author notes
                [* ]Corresponding author. Email: xksun@ 123456cuhk.edu.hk (X.S.); nzhao@ 123456ee.cuhk.edu.hk (N.Z.)
                [†]

                These authors contributed equally to this work.

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0731-7257
                https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5148-5089
                https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0807-7254
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9847-6685
                https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2568-7722
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3953-3317
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4935-8412
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9779-0517
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9137-0298
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1536-8516
                Article
                adj3476
                10.1126/sciadv.adj3476
                10610889
                37889979
                4ed354ab-3852-4eb4-a2af-37cf7ad9a5b9
                Copyright © 2023 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC).

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial license, which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, so long as the resultant use is not for commercial advantage and provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 24 June 2023
                : 27 September 2023
                Funding
                Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002920, Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee, Hong Kong;
                Award ID: 14307819
                Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002920, Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee, Hong Kong;
                Award ID: CUHK449/19
                Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002920, Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee, Hong Kong;
                Award ID: C7035-20G
                Categories
                Research Article
                Physical and Materials Sciences
                SciAdv r-articles
                Materials Science
                Physical Sciences
                Physical Sciences
                Custom metadata
                Mjoy Toledo

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