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      Cosmologia, crise e paradoxo: da imagem de homens e mulheres brancos na tradição Xamânica Kuna

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          Abstract

          Tomando como foco uma análise da iconografia ritual kuna, este artigo procura delinear uma teoria da memória social baseando-se tanto em imagens quanto em narrativas. A emergência do Espírito do Branco na iconografia xamânica kuna refere-se à longa série de conflitos violentos entre índios e brancos que marcam a história desse povo. Todavia, uma vez inseridas na tradição ritual, essas histórias do passado se fundem e condensam em imagens complexas. Dois processos parecem operantes na elaboração dessas imagens: um tende a obliterar o fato externo para inseri-lo em um quadro conceitual indígena (a cosmologia do mundo sobrenatural); o outro emprega as ambigüidades da cosmologia para representar um aspecto saliente dos recém-chegados. O resultado é um elaborado (e ritualmente poderoso) "engrama" da tradição ritual, que passa a constituir uma parte significativa da memória social.

          Translated abstract

          Focussing on an analysis of the Kuna ritual iconography, this paper sets out to outline a theory of social memory based on images as well as on stories. The emergence of White Spirits in kuna shamanistic iconography refers to the long series of violent conflicts that have opposed Indians and Whites. However, once inserted in ritual tradition, stories of the past collapse, and condense in complex images. Two processes seem to be at work in the elaboration of these images: one tends to obliterate the external fact to insert it in an indigenous conceptual frame (the cosmology of the supernatural world); the other employs the ambiguities of cosmology to represent a salient aspect of the newcomers. The result is an elaborate (and ritually powerful) "engram" of ritual tradition, and becomes a significant part of social memory.

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          Most cited references43

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          Os pronomes cosmológicos e o perspectivismo ameríndio

          Este trabalho discute o significado do "perspectivismo" ameríndio: as idéias, presentes nas cosmologias amazônicas, a respeito do modo como humanos, animais e espíritos vêem-se a si mesmos e aos outros seres do mundo. Essas idéias sugerem uma possibilidade de redefinição relacional das categorias clássicas de "natureza", "cultura" e "sobrenatureza" a partir do conceito de perspectiva ou ponto de vista. Em particular, argumenta-se que a antinomia entre duas caracterizações do pensamento indígena: de um lado, o "etnocentrismo", que negaria os predicados da humanidade aos humanos de outros grupos; de outro, o "animismo", que os estenderia a seres de outras espécies, pode ser resolvida se se considerar a diferença entre os aspectos espirituais e corporais dos seres. This study discusses the meaning of Amerindian "perspectivism": the ideas in Amazonian cosmologies concerning the way in which humans, animals, and spirits see both themselves and other world beings. Such ideas suggest the possibility of a redefinition of the classical categories of "nature", "culture", and "supernature" based on the concept of perspective or point of view. The study argues in particular that the antinomy between two characterizations of indigenous thought - on the one hand "ethnocentrism", which would deny the attributes of humanity to humans from other groups, and on the other hand "animism", which would extend such qualities to beings from other species - can be resolved if one considers the difference between the spiritual and corporal aspects of beings.
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            Fusion of the Worlds: An Ethnography of Possession among the Songhay of Niger

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              • Record: found
              • Abstract: not found
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              Mimesis and alterity: a particular history of the senses

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                s_mana
                Mana
                Mana
                Programa de Pós-Graduação em Antropologia Social - PPGAS-Museu Nacional, da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ (Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil )
                0104-9313
                April 2000
                : 6
                : 1
                : 121-155
                Affiliations
                [01] orgnameCollège de France orgdiv1Laboratoire d'Anthropologie Sociale
                Article
                S0104-93132000000100005 S0104-9313(00)00600105
                10.1590/S0104-93132000000100005
                386f466a-33a8-47b4-a716-f5ad2273e172

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 14 June 1999
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 46, Pages: 35
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                SciELO Brazil

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