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      Impact of Different Space Types on LEED-NC v3 2009 Gold-Certified Projects in Poland

      Buildings
      MDPI AG

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          Abstract

          Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design for New Construction and Renovation (LEED-NC), version 3 (v3)-certified projects include at least 13 different space types. However, the impact of space types on LEED certification strategies is not yet fully understood. This study assessed the impact of different building types on achieving LEED-NC v3 categories and credits in gold-certified projects in Poland. The exact Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney test and Fisher’s exact 2 × 2 with Lancaster’s correction test were used to estimate the difference between four space types (i.e., through pairwise comparison) with small sample sizes (n): industrial manufacturing space (IMS) (n = 9), office space (OS) (n = 7), multi-family residential space (MRS) (n = 6), and lodging space (LS) (n = 8). With these sample sizes, meaningful conclusions could be drawn with these tests. Design structure: IMS and OS refer to two subgroups nested in the production group, while MRS and LS refer to two other subgroups nested in the live group. This design structure was used to perform the logical analysis. The results showed that the number of significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) (i) between two subgroups (IMS vs. OS) within the production group was 1 out of 46, and (ii) between two subgroups (MRS vs. LS) within the living group was 6 out of 46, while (iii) the difference between the production and living groups was 45 out of 184. When comparing the production and living groups, LEED indoor environmental quality credit achievements showed the largest contribution (37%) to the number of significant differences. The practical implication of the study is to offer recommendations on LEED certification strategies for production and living spaces.

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          Pseudoreplication and the Design of Ecological Field Experiments

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            Practical Statistics for Medical Research

            Most medical researchers, whether clinical or non-clinical, receive some background in statistics as undergraduates. However, it is most often brief, a long time ago, and largely forgotten by the time it is needed. Furthermore, many introductory texts fall short of adequately explaining the underlying concepts of statistics, and often are divorced from the reality of conducting and assessing medical research.<br><br>Practical Statistics for Medical Research is a problem-based text for medical researchers, medical students, and others in the medical arena who need to use statistics but have no specialized mathematics background. <br><br>The author draws on twenty years of experience as a consulting medical statistician to provide clear explanations to key statistical concepts, with a firm emphasis on practical aspects of designing and analyzing medical research. The text gives special attention to the presentation and interpretation of results and the many real problems that arise in medical research.
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              On the Theory of Scales of Measurement.

              S. Stevens (1946)
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                (View ORCID Profile)
                Journal
                BUILCO
                Buildings
                Buildings
                MDPI AG
                2075-5309
                October 2023
                October 08 2023
                : 13
                : 10
                : 2545
                Article
                10.3390/buildings13102545
                37351c02-6e64-4e2b-9021-b82bbcad8fbe
                © 2023

                https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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