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      Ledipasvir/Sofosbuvir Is Effective for Relapsed Genotype 1b Hepatitis C Virus Patients after Achieving a Sustained Virological Response at Post-treatment Week 12 with Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir

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          Abstract

          A patient with genotype 1b chronic hepatitis C virus who had been treated with pegylated interferon and ribavirin (RBV) was treated with glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (GLE/PIB) for 12 weeks. A sustained virological response at post-treatment week 12 (SVR12) was achieved, but relapse occurred approximately 31 weeks after the end of treatment. The patient had a history of allergy to RBV and was treated with ledipasvir/sofosbuvir (LDV/SOF), achieving SVR12 and remaining hepatitis C virus-negative until 24 weeks after the completion of treatment. LDV/SOF can thus be a secondary treatment for GLE/PIB.

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          Most cited references21

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          Effect of interferon-based and -free therapy on early occurrence and recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis C

          Although treatment for hepatitis C virus has been dramatically improved by the development of direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs), whether interferon (IFN)-free therapy reduces hepatocarcinogenesis in an equivalent manner to IFN-based therapy remains controversial. The aims of this study were to evaluate the occurrence and recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients treated with DAAs and to identify biomarkers of HCC development after antiviral treatment.
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            Efficacy and safety of glecaprevir/pibrentasvir in Japanese patients with chronic genotype 1 hepatitis C virus infection with and without cirrhosis

            Background The once-daily, all oral, RBV-free, pangenotypic direct-acting anti-viral regimen consisting of co-formulated NS3/4A protease inhibitor glecaprevir and NS5A inhibitor pibrentasvir (G/P), demonstrated high rates of sustained virologic response (SVR) in phase 2 and 3 studies outside Japan. Methods CERTAIN-1 is a phase 3, open-label, multicenter study assessing the safety and efficacy of G/P (300/120 mg) once daily in Japanese patients with chronic HCV GT1 infection. Patients without cirrhosis received 8 weeks of G/P or 12 weeks of ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir (OBV/PTV/r, 25/150/100 mg); patients with cirrhosis received G/P for 12 weeks. The primary efficacy endpoint was non-inferiority of G/P compared to OBV/PTV/r by assessing SVR at post-treatment week 12 (SVR12) among non-cirrhotic patients without the NS5A Y93H polymorphism. Results SVR12 was achieved by 128/129 (99.2%; one patient lost to follow-up) non-cirrhotic patients in the 8-week G/P Arm (including 23/23 patients with the NS5A Y93H polymorphism) and 52/52 (100%) patients in the 12-week OBV/PTV/r Arm. No patients from the G/P Arm prematurely discontinued the study drug or experienced a treatment-emergent serious adverse event (TESAE). Three patients from the OBV/PTV/r Arm experienced five TESAEs and one of these patients discontinued the study drug due to TESAEs. All 38 (100%) patients with compensated cirrhosis achieved SVR12; in this group, no TESAEs were reported and one patient discontinued treatment due to an AE. Conclusions CERTAIN-1 study results demonstrate high efficacy and favorable tolerability of G/P in GT1-infected Japanese patients including those with the NS5A Y93H polymorphism, with no virologic failures observed. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00535-017-1391-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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              In Vitro Antiviral Activity and Resistance Profile of the Next-Generation Hepatitis C Virus NS5A Inhibitor Pibrentasvir

              ABSTRACT Pibrentasvir (ABT-530) is a novel and pan-genotypic hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS5A inhibitor with 50% effective concentration (EC50) values ranging from 1.4 to 5.0 pM against HCV replicons containing NS5A from genotypes 1 to 6. Pibrentasvir demonstrated similar activity against a panel of chimeric replicons containing HCV NS5A of genotypes 1 to 6 from clinical samples. Resistance selection studies were conducted using HCV replicon cells with NS5A from genotype 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 4a, 5a, or 6a at a concentration of pibrentasvir that was 10- or 100-fold over its EC50 for the respective replicon. With pibrentasvir at 10-fold over the respective EC50, only a small number of colonies (0.00015 to 0.0065% of input cells) with resistance-associated amino acid substitutions were selected in replicons containing genotype 1a, 2a, or 3a NS5A, and no viable colonies were selected in replicons containing NS5A from other genotypes. With pibrentasvir at 100-fold over the respective EC50, very few colonies (0.0002% of input cells) were selected by pibrentasvir in genotype 1a replicon cells while no colonies were selected in other replicons. Pibrentasvir is active against common resistance-conferring substitutions in HCV genotypes 1 to 6 that were identified for other NS5A inhibitors, including those at key amino acid positions 28, 30, 31, or 93. The combination of pibrentasvir with HCV inhibitors of other classes produced synergistic inhibition of HCV replication. In summary, pibrentasvir is a next-generation HCV NS5A inhibitor with potent and pan-genotypic activity, and it maintains activity against common amino acid substitutions of HCV genotypes 1 to 6 that are known to confer resistance to currently approved NS5A inhibitors.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Intern Med
                Intern Med
                Internal Medicine
                The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine
                0918-2918
                1349-7235
                30 November 2022
                1 September 2023
                : 62
                : 17
                : 2507-2511
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Japan
                [2 ]Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Takamatsu Red Cross Hospital, Japan
                Author notes

                Correspondence to Dr. Tsutomu Masaki, masaki.tsutomu@ 123456kagawa-u.ac.jp

                Article
                10.2169/internalmedicine.0865-22
                10518557
                36450472
                3710bfc5-fba5-4d3c-bc43-bc5812fa1269
                Copyright © 2023 by The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine

                The Internal Medicine is an Open Access journal distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. To view the details of this license, please visit ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

                History
                : 22 August 2022
                : 18 October 2022
                Categories
                Case Report

                hepatitis c virus,direct-acting antivirals,ledipasvir and sofosbuvir,glecaprevir and pibrentasvir,relapse

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