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      One-step-one-pot hydrothermally derived metal-organic-framework-nanohybrids for integrated point-of-care diagnostics of SARS-CoV-2 viral antigen/pseudovirus utilizing electrochemical biosensor chip

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          Abstract

          The COVID-19 pandemic has become a global catastrophe, affecting the health and economy of the human community. It is required to mitigate the impact of pandemics by developing rapid molecular diagnostics for SARS-CoV-2 virus detection. In this context, developing a rapid point-of-care (POC) diagnostic test is a holistic approach to the prevention of COVID-19. In this context, this study aims at presenting a real-time, biosensor chip for improved molecular diagnostics including recombinant SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein and SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus detection based on one-step-one-pot hydrothermally derived CoFeBDCNH 2-CoFe 2O 4 MOF-nanohybrids. This study was tested on a PalmSens-EmStat Go POC device, showing a limit of detection (LOD) for recombinant SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein of 6.68 fg/mL and 6.20 fg/mL in buffer and 10% serum-containing media, respectively. To validate virus detection in the POC platform, an electrochemical instrument (CHI6116E) was used to perform dose dependent studies under similar experimental conditions to the handheld device. The results obtained from these studies were comparable indicating the capability and high detection electrochemical performance of MOF nanocomposite derived from one-step-one-pot hydrothermal synthesis for SARS-CoV-2 detection for the first time. Further, the performance of the sensor was tested in the presence of Omicron BA.2 and wild-type D614G pseudoviruses.

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          Diagnosing COVID-19: The Disease and Tools for Detection

          COVID-19 has spread globally since its discovery in Hubei province, China in December 2019. A combination of computed tomography imaging, whole genome sequencing, and electron microscopy were initially used to screen and identify SARS-CoV-2, the viral etiology of COVID-19. The aim of this review article is to inform the audience of diagnostic and surveillance technologies for SARS-CoV-2 and their performance characteristics. We describe point-of-care diagnostics that are on the horizon and encourage academics to advance their technologies beyond conception. Developing plug-and-play diagnostics to manage the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak would be useful in preventing future epidemics.
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            Stable Metal-Organic Frameworks: Design, Synthesis, and Applications

            Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are an emerging class of porous materials with potential applications in gas storage, separations, catalysis, and chemical sensing. Despite numerous advantages, applications of many MOFs are ultimately limited by their stability under harsh conditions. Herein, the recent advances in the field of stable MOFs, covering the fundamental mechanisms of MOF stability, design, and synthesis of stable MOF architectures, and their latest applications are reviewed. First, key factors that affect MOF stability under certain chemical environments are introduced to guide the design of robust structures. This is followed by a short review of synthetic strategies of stable MOFs including modulated synthesis and postsynthetic modifications. Based on the fundamentals of MOF stability, stable MOFs are classified into two categories: high-valency metal-carboxylate frameworks and low-valency metal-azolate frameworks. Along this line, some representative stable MOFs are introduced, their structures are described, and their properties are briefly discussed. The expanded applications of stable MOFs in Lewis/Brønsted acid catalysis, redox catalysis, photocatalysis, electrocatalysis, gas storage, and sensing are highlighted. Overall, this review is expected to guide the design of stable MOFs by providing insights into existing structures, which could lead to the discovery and development of more advanced functional materials.
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              Improving MOF stability: approaches and applications

              This review summarizes recent advances in the design and synthesis of stable MOFs and highlights the relationships between the stability and functional applications.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Sens Actuators B Chem
                Sens Actuators B Chem
                Sensors and Actuators. B, Chemical
                Elsevier B.V.
                0925-4005
                0925-4005
                10 May 2023
                10 May 2023
                : 133960
                Affiliations
                [a ]Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
                [b ]Department of Biological Science and Technology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS 2B), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 75 Bo-Ai Street, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
                [c ]Biomedical Technology and Device Research Lab, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
                [d ]AnTaimmu BioMed Co., Ltd, Unit 304, No. 1, Lixing 1st Road, East District, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
                [e ]Translational Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
                [f ]Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
                [g ]Faculty and College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
                [h ]Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
                [i ]Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, School of Dentistry, Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
                Author notes
                [* ]Corresponding author at: Department of Biological Science and Technology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS 2B), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 75 Bo-Ai Street, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan, Fax, 886-3-5729288.
                [1]

                These two authors contributed equally

                Article
                S0925-4005(23)00675-5 133960
                10.1016/j.snb.2023.133960
                10170875
                32dd4c0f-5526-4e53-8347-5c821f27e122
                © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

                Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

                History
                : 26 December 2022
                : 24 April 2023
                : 9 May 2023
                Categories
                Article

                mof,sensing,electrochemical,chip,device
                mof, sensing, electrochemical, chip, device

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