Detección de Parásitos en Peces Marinos Destinados al Consumo Humano en Lima Metropolitana Translated title: Detection of Parasites in Marine Fish for Human Consumption in Lima

Abstract

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la presencia de parásitos en cinco especies de peces marinos (Sarda chiliensis chiliensis [bonito], Scomber japonicus peruanus [caballa], Trachurus picturatus murphyi [jurel], Mugil cephalus [lisa] y Coryphaena hippurus [perico]) destinados al consumo humano. Se utilizaron 150 peces (30 por especie) procedentes de los terminales pesqueros de Chorrillos y Villa María del Triunfo en la provincia de Lima, Perú, entre enero y marzo de 2014. Se encontraron 13 especies de parásitos: monogeneos (Monocotile sp), digeneos (Dinurus sp), protozoos (Henneguya sp), acantocéfalo (Rhadinorhynchus sp), cestodos (Diphyllobothrium pacificum, Hepatoxylon trichiuri, Tentacularia coryphaenae, Nybelinia sp), nematodos (Anisakis simplex, Anisakis physeteris, Contracaecum sp, Proleptus sp) y artrópodos (Caligus sp). El 61.3% de los especímenes presentaron al menos un parásito, habiendo una mayor prevalencia en lisa (86.7%), seguida de perico (76.7%). Asimismo, la mayor carga parasitaria se observó en lisa (424) y bonito (376). Los parásitos más frecuentes fueron Hepatoxylon trichiuri, Nybelinia sp y Proleptus sp. Asimismo, se encontraron parásitos de importancia en salud pública, como el Anisakis sp en todas las especies, a excepción de la lisa, y del Diphyllobothrium pacificum en bonito y perico.

Translated abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of parasites in five species of marine fish (Sarda chiliensis chiliensis [Eastern Pacific bonito], Scomber japonicus peruanus [Pacific chub mackerel], Trachurus picturatus murphyi [Chilean jack mackerel], Mugil cephalus [flathead grey mullet], and Coryphaena hippurus [common dolphinfish]) intended for human consumption. A total of 150 fish were used (30 per species) from the fishing terminals of Chorrillos and Villa María del Triunfo in the province of Lima, Peru, between January to March 2014. It was found 13 species of parasites: monogeneans (Monocotile sp), digenea (Dinurus sp), protozoa (Henneguya sp), acanthocephalan (Rhadinorhynchus sp), cestoda (Diphyllobothrium pacificum, Hepatoxylon trichiuri, Tentacularia coryphaenae, Nybelinia sp), nematoda (Anisakis simplex, Anisakis physeteris, Contracaecum sp, Proleptus sp) and arthropods (Caligus sp). The results showed that 61.3% of the specimens had at least one parasite, having the flathead grey mullet a higher prevalence (86.7%), followed by the common dolphinfish (76.7%). Similarly, greater parasite load was observed in flathead grey mullet (424) and Eastern Pacific bonito (376). The most common parasites were Hepatoxylon trichiuri, Nybelinia sp and Proleptus sp. Parasites of public health importance were found shuch as Anisakis sp in all species except for the flathead grey mullet and Diphyllobothrium pacificum in Eastern Pacific bonito and common dolphinfish.