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      Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary deposits and paleogeography in western and central Cuba Translated title: Depósitos y paleogeografía del límite Cretácico-Paleógeno en Cuba occidental y central

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          Abstract

          Three types of Cretaceous/Paleogene (K/Pg) boundary deposits are widely distributed in western and central Cuba. Most deposits belong to type 1, with an original volume of circa 4000 km3 (Peñalver, Cacarajícara and Amaro formations), and contain in its lower part thick gravity flow deposits. Above the coarse clastics rests a monotonous, mainly massive calcarenite to calcilutite section (homogenite), settled from a hyperdense suspension. The Cacarajícara and Amaro formations accumulated in the southern border of the North American Mesozoic paleomargin, whereas the Peñalver Formation deposited in a southern basin, developed on the extinct Cuban Cretaceous volcanic arc. Type 1 deposits are similar to the "clastic carbonate unit" of Yucatán. Type 2 deposits (Deep Sea Drilling Project, DSDP, leg 77 sites 536, 540 and the "chaotic clastic complex" interbedded in the middle part of the Santa Clara Formation), are local, have thinner basal gravity flow accumulations, and, instead of homogenite, contain ejecta rich deposits. Type 3 deposits (Moncada Formation) are mainly built by reworked ejecta, accumulated during the pass of megatsunami waves, which also affected the upper levels of Type 1 and 2 deposits. We carefully searched for data on the sedimentology and geological setting of each deposit, in order to obtain a detailed picture of its paleogeographic framework. Our research shows that, in an area proximal to Chicxulub crater, the regional relief was a main factor controlling sediment features and distribution of the Mesozoic-Cenozoic boundary sections.

          Translated abstract

          Tres tipos de capas del límite Cretácico-Paleógeno (K/Pg) están ampliamente distribuidas en Cuba occidental y central. El grueso pertenece a los depósitos del tipo 1 (originalmente unos 4000 km3; formaciones Peñalver, Cacarajícara y Amaro), que contienen en su porción inferior potentes depósitos de flujos gravitacionales. Encima descansa una sección mayormente masiva, calcarenítica a calcilutítica (homogenita), depositada a partir de suspensiones hiperdensas. Las formaciones Cacarajícara y Amaro se acumularon en el borde meridional del margen continental mesozoico norteamericano, mientras que la Formación Peñalver se depositó en una cuenca meridional, desarrollada sobre el extinto arco volcánico cretácico cubano. Los depósitos del tipo 1 son muy similares a la "unidad clástica carbonatada" de Yucatán. Los depósitos del tipo 2 (DSDP 536, 540 y el "complejo clástico caótico" intercalado en la Formación Santa Clara) son locales, con flujos gravitacionales basales menos potentes y, en lugar de la homogenita, sedimentos ricos en eyecta. Los depósitos del tipo 3 (Formación Moncada) están en gran parte constituidos de eyecta redepositada por olas de megatsunamis, las cuales afectaron también los niveles superiores de los tipos 1 y 2. Los autores revisamos cuidadosamente la información sedimentológica y el entorno geológico de cada depósito para lograr una imagen detallada de la paleogeografía regional. Nuestra investigación muestra que, en un área no lejana al cráter de Chicxulub, el relieve fue un factor fundamental en el control de los rasgos y distribución de los depósitos de la catástrofe en el tránsito Mesozoico/Cenozoico.

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          The Chicxulub asteroid impact and mass extinction at the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary.

          The Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary approximately 65.5 million years ago marks one of the three largest mass extinctions in the past 500 million years. The extinction event coincided with a large asteroid impact at Chicxulub, Mexico, and occurred within the time of Deccan flood basalt volcanism in India. Here, we synthesize records of the global stratigraphy across this boundary to assess the proposed causes of the mass extinction. Notably, a single ejecta-rich deposit compositionally linked to the Chicxulub impact is globally distributed at the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary. The temporal match between the ejecta layer and the onset of the extinctions and the agreement of ecological patterns in the fossil record with modeled environmental perturbations (for example, darkness and cooling) lead us to conclude that the Chicxulub impact triggered the mass extinction.
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            Chicxulub Crater: A possible Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary impact crater on the Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico

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              Tsunami-induced sediment transport in the abyssal Mediterranean Sea

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rmcg
                Revista mexicana de ciencias geológicas
                Rev. mex. cienc. geol
                Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Geología (Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico )
                1026-8774
                2007-2902
                2015
                : 32
                : 1
                : 156-176
                Affiliations
                [03] Santa Clara Villaclara orgnameEmpresa Geológica del Centro Cuba
                [02] La Habana orgnameCentro de Investigaciones del Petróleo Cuba
                [01] Pinar del Río orgnameUniversidad de Pinar del Río Cuba
                Article
                S1026-87742015000100012 S1026-8774(15)03200100012
                2b64dee1-625b-429f-9572-43c59fc776ca

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 28 January 2015
                : 23 August 2013
                : 23 January 2015
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 73, Pages: 21
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Categories
                Special section 2

                límite Cretácico-Paleógeno,sedimentología,paleogeografía,tsunami,Cuba,Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary,sedimentology,aleogeography

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