The Role of Information in Dental Traumatology in Patients during Developmental Age: A Cognitive Investigation

Abstract

Objectives  The gestation period involves a series of changes in all maternal organs and systems, due to hormonal fluctuations that also affect the oral cavity, leading to possible development of diseases such as gingivitis, oral pregnancy tumor, or periodontitis. Over the years, the positive correlation between poor oral health and adverse outcomes in pregnancy, such as fetal changes, low birth weight, preterm birth, or preeclampsia, has also been highlighted. The aim of this study is to analyze and understand the levels of knowledge and information of pregnant women about the possible repercussions that they may have on the oral cavity, caused by hormonal alterations.

Materials and Methods  A questionnaire of 17 multiple choice questions was formulated and published online from 01/02/2020 to 31/08/2020, aimed at pregnant women and new mothers. The Google Forms platform was used to collect the data that were then statistically analyzed by creating crosstabs with multiple dependency variables.

Results  The study cohort was represented by 1,191 women, whose responses first showed that about half were unaware of the predisposition to develop infections and periodontal problems during the gestation period. The same noticed bleeding and gum swelling during brushing and despite this, only 21% visited their dentist to resolve the situation. Furthermore, 88.2% of all women did not know that problems in the oral cavity can lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Conclusion  Primary prevention is essential and must be implemented with the collaboration of the various professional figures who follow the woman during gestation.