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      La represión penal de la usura en la república romana y su evolución

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          Abstract

          La reacción penal contra la usura en Roma se encuentra indisociablemente unida a las continuas contravenciones de las disposiciones normativas limitadoras de los intereses, junto con los más variados instrumentos jurídicos que se desarrollan en el ámbito civil, dependiendo de las circunstancias socio-económicas de cada época. A partir de la República es notoria la labor de los ediles curules imponiendo multas, junto con la posibilidad (ya a finales del s. III a. C) de ejercitar una acción privada in quadruplum. Más tarde, la escasa efectividad de las intervenciones edilicias será suplantada por el procedimiento per quaestiones, que subsistirá durante los primeros momentos del Imperio, aplicándose también a los fraudes relacionados con la annona. Sin embargo, la lucha contra el préstamo usurario durante el Principado se traslada fundamentalmente al plano civil. Habrá que esperar al Dominado para observar otra vez la represión criminal de los intereses ilícitos. Destaca la consideración infamante del delito usurario, a partir de Diocleciano, y el restablecimiento de la pena del quadruplum por parte de Teodosio. Por último, Justiniano se hará eco de la legislación dioclecianea, aunque parece poner el acento en las consecuencias civiles de las usurae illicitae.

          Translated abstract

          Criminal response to usury in Rome is found to be inextricably linked to the continuous infringements of interest-restraining regulations, together with the most varied juridical instruments that are in effect in civil life, depending on the socio-economic circumstances of each era. From the Republic on, the work of the curule councilmen imposing fines and the possibility (towards the end of the III century B.C.) of bringing a private action in quadruplum is noticeable. Later on, the little effectiveness of the councilmen's interventions was replaced with the per quaestiones procedure, which was put into effect during the first years of the Empire and which was also applied to the annona-related frauds. However, the fight against usurious loans during the Principate moves primarily toward civil life. People had to wait till the Dominate entered the scene to watch the criminal repression of illicit interests once again. Despicable considerations of the usurious crime are stressed, from Diocletian on, as well as the re-establishment of the quadruplum crime on the part of Theodosius. Finally, Justinian will embrace the Diocletian legislation, although he seems to emphasize the civil consequences of the usurae illicitae.

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          Most cited references114

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          Práctica criminal de España

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            Diritto e processo penale nell'antica Roma

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              Il diritto romano-cristiano

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rehj
                Revista de estudios histórico-jurídicos
                Rev. estud. hist.-juríd.
                Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, .Facultad de Derecho, Escuela de Derecho. (Valparaíso, , Chile )
                0716-5455
                2004
                : 26
                : 85-111
                Affiliations
                [01] orgnameUniversidad de Jaen
                Article
                S0716-54552004002600004 S0716-5455(04)00002604
                10.4067/S0716-54552004002600004
                21faba25-189c-439b-be8b-4fd9baffcf22

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 73, Pages: 27
                Product

                SciELO Chile

                Categories
                ESTUDIOS-DERECHO ROMANO

                multae feneraticiae,ediles curules,faeneratores,leges fenebres,tresviri capitales,usurae,curule councilmen

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