1
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: not found

      Terrorism's Impact on Mental Health Outcomes among Directly and Indirectly Exposed Victims and the Development of Psychopathology.

      Read this article at

      ScienceOpenPublisherPMC
      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          After the events of 9/11, many police-responders developed post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and were potentially vulnerable to developing depression and/or anxiety; in addition, nearly half of police with probable PTSD had comorbid depression and anxiety. Having in mind that victims who experience the effects of terrorism are exposed to high levels of psychological damage, we thus aimed to determine how sequelae of a terrorist act directly and indirectly affect victims. Quantitative synthesis findings were concluded on the basis of 200 records that met the inclusion criteria out of a total of 650. We grouped the patients according to their level of exposure to the WTC terrorist attack on 11 September 2001. The Level I group included individuals who had experienced the traumatic event and/or those who had observed the attack. The Level II group consisted of rescuers and/or persons who cleaned up debris in the area after the attack. The Level III group comprised the victims' families. Our research enabled us to create a profile for those who were most vulnerable to mental disorders after the WTC terrorist attack. Patients who had survived the terrorist attack and/or those who had observed the incident exhibited fewer traumatic symptoms and a lower percentage of suicidal thoughts in comparison to individuals who had worked as rescuers or cleaning staff in the area after the attack. The number of symptoms rose along with increased contact time with the stressor. The dominant symptom was the triad of intrusion, avoidance, and hyperarousal. The findings may confirm the positive effect of protracted court cases in legal proceedings for compensation on the maintenance and development of psychopathology. Our research may contribute to a better understanding of the consequences of terrorism outcomes on the human psyche and be used in the development of standards for dealing with victims of terrorism's impact.

          Related collections

          Author and article information

          Journal
          J Clin Med
          Journal of clinical medicine
          MDPI AG
          2077-0383
          2077-0383
          May 07 2022
          : 11
          : 9
          Affiliations
          [1 ] St. Mark's Place Institute for Mental Health, 57 St. Mark's Place, New York, NY 10003, USA.
          [2 ] Department of Pediatric Neurology, Medical University of Warsaw, Al. Żwirki and Wigury 63A Street, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland.
          [3 ] Department of Gynecology and Practical Obstetrics, Medical University of Bialystok, Szpitalna 37 Street, 15-295 Bialystok, Poland.
          Article
          jcm11092630
          10.3390/jcm11092630
          9104983
          35566764
          1718e15a-a4c6-4849-adaa-ee46a7719ccb
          History

          PTSD,psychopathology,terrorism,trauma,victims
          PTSD, psychopathology, terrorism, trauma, victims

          Comments

          Comment on this article

          scite_
          0
          0
          0
          0
          Smart Citations
          0
          0
          0
          0
          Citing PublicationsSupportingMentioningContrasting
          View Citations

          See how this article has been cited at scite.ai

          scite shows how a scientific paper has been cited by providing the context of the citation, a classification describing whether it supports, mentions, or contrasts the cited claim, and a label indicating in which section the citation was made.

          Similar content171

          Cited by1