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      Esquistossomose hepato-esplênica em crianças: avaliaçao morfológica e funcional após esplenectomia e auto-implante esplênico Translated title: Hepatosplenic schistosomiasis in children: morphologic and functional evaluation after splenectomy and autologous splenic implantation

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          Abstract

          A esquistossomose mansônica hepato-esplênica com varizes sangrantes do esôfago é infreqüente em crianças, entretanto, determina morbidade atingindo a produtividade desses futuros adultos. Uma das opções para o tratamento cirúrgico é a esplenectomia associada à ligadura da veia gástrica esquerda e esclerose endoscópica das varizes, nos casos de recidiva hemorrágica. Auto-implante esplênico tem sido adicionado em crianças. Há evidências de que a esplenose pós-esplenectomia por trauma mantém, de forma parcial, as funções imunológica e de filtração esplênicas. Todavia, estudos semelhantes não foram realizados em pacientes esquistossomóticos. Foram analisados 23 pacientes, de 9 a 18 anos, com esquistossomose hepato-esplênica submetidos à esplenectomia, ligadura de veia gástrica esquerda e auto-implante esplênico no omento maior. Avaliou-se a função de filtração através da pesquisa de corpúsculos de Howell-Jolly em esfregaços de sangue periférico, cuja presença indica ausência ou insuficiência de função de filtração esplênica. Foi realizada análise morfológica da esplenose através de exame cintilográfico, usando enxofre coloidal, marcado com Tecnécio 99m. Observou-se captação dos implantes esplênicos em todos os pacientes, entretanto, em dois (8,7%), o número de nódulos esplênicos observados foi inferior a cinco, sendo considerado insuficiente. Em correspondência, esses dois pacientes foram os únicos que apresentaram positividade para corpúsculos de Howell-Jolly. Os dados confirmam o auto-implante esplênico no omento maior como método eficaz de produção de esplenose e manutenção da função de filtração esplênica em mais de 90% dos pacientes.

          Translated abstract

          The hepatosplenic form of schistosomiasis mansoni with bleeding esophageal varices is not common in children. However when it occurs, it may determine severe implications of their whole productive life. Splenectomy ligature of the left gastric vein and endoscopic sclerosis of the varices in the cases of recurrent bleeding has been one of the surgical approaches. Autologous implantation of spleen tissue in the greater omentum has been added in children. There are evidences that immunologic and filtration splenic functions persist, at least in part, after splenectomy and splenic autologous implantation induced by trauma. However similar studies were not conducted in children with schistosomiasis who underwent splenectomy, ligature of the left gastric vein and autologous implantation of spleen tissue into an omental pouch of the greater omentum. Blood smears were repeatedly studied for evidence of Howell-Jolly bodies, which indicate insufficiency of filtration splenic junction. The splenosis was proved by hepatosplenic scintigraphic sulfur colloid 99m Technetium scan. Splenosis was evident in all children, however in two patients there were less than five splenic nodules in the greater omentum, which was considered insufficient. Howell-Jolly bodies were found in the peripheral blood only in these two patients with less evident splenosis. The results seem to indicate that splenic autologous implantation in the greater omentum is an effective method for producing splenosis and maintaining the filtration splenic function.

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          Most cited references32

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          Hazard of overwhelming infection after splenectomy in childhood.

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            Splenic reticuloendothelial function after splenectomy, spleen repair, and spleen autotransplantation.

            Overwhelming infection after splenectomy remains a problem despite the introduction of vaccine and antimicrobial prophylaxis. To evaluate prospectively various procedures proposed for salvage of the spleen, we measured reticuloendothelial function for two to five years in 51 patients who had initially presented with abdominal trauma and suspected splenic rupture. The mean percentage of pocked erythrocytes and the clearance of antibody-coated autologous erythrocytes in 8 patients who had splenic repair and in 6 who had partial splenectomy were the same as in 11 controls with intraabdominal injury that did not involve the spleen. The mean percentage of pocked erythrocytes remained significantly elevated in 19 patients who had undergone total splenectomy without autotransplantation of splenic tissue. One of seven patients who underwent splenic autotransplantation had a normal level of pocked erythrocytes 18 months after surgery, and a second patient had only a slight elevation at 24 months. The mean (+/- SEM) half-time clearance of labeled erythrocytes was significantly longer in the group that had total splenectomy without autotransplantation (421.1 +/- 74.5 hours) than in the autotransplantation group (91.6 +/- 20.0) or in the controls (5.4 +/- 2.0). We conclude that reticuloendothelial function was better preserved after partial splenectomy and splenic repair than after splenic autotransplantation, but that autotransplantation was superior to total splenectomy and appeared to be safe. Splenic autotransplantation deserves further study in patients who have had splenic trauma when other surgical maneuvers to save the spleen are not possible.
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              Critical evaluation of surgical treatment of schistosomotic portal hypertension

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rcbc
                Revista do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões
                Rev. Col. Bras. Cir.
                Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões (Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil )
                0100-6991
                1809-4546
                December 1998
                : 25
                : 6
                : 399-402
                Affiliations
                [01] orgnameUFPE
                [02] orgnameUniversidade de Pernambuco orgdiv1Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
                Article
                S0100-69911998000600008 S0100-6991(98)02500608
                0f16df97-45c0-4e4d-9e4b-36c3d47f4f75

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 23 July 1998
                : 20 March 1998
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 32, Pages: 4
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Artigos Originais

                Esplenectomia,Auto-implante esplênico,Esplenose,Esquistossomose mansônica,Schistosomiasis mansoni,Splenectomy,Spleen tissue implantation,Splenosis

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