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      Genes & Development
      Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
      brain–body, physiology, symposium

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          Abstract

          In this Outlook, Magnon discusses how cancer hijacks brain and neuronal networks to influence tumor progression and therapeutic response, using bidirectional interoceptive, immunoceptive and nociceptive communication.

          Abstract

          The world of cancer science is moving toward a paradigm shift in making connections with neuroscience. After decades of research on genetic instability and mutations or on the tumor microenvironment, emerging evidence suggests that a malignant tumor is able to hijack and use the brain and its network of peripheral and central neurons as disrupters of homeostasis in the body. Whole-body homeostasis requires brain–body circuits to maintain survival and health via the processes of interoception, immunoception, and nociception. It is now likely that cancer disturbs physiological brain–body communication in making bidirectional brain tumor connections.

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          Most cited references10

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          Mechanisms and Therapeutic Relevance of Neuro-immune Communication.

          Active research at the frontiers of immunology and neuroscience has identified multiple points of interaction and communication between the immune system and the nervous system. Immune cell activation stimulates neuronal circuits that regulate innate and adaptive immunity. Molecular mechanistic insights into the inflammatory reflex and other neuro-immune interactions have greatly advanced our understanding of immunity and identified new therapeutic possibilities in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Recent successful clinical trials using bioelectronic devices that modulate the inflammatory reflex to significantly ameliorate rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease provide a path for using electrons as a therapeutic modality for targeting molecular mechanisms of immunity. Here, we review mechanisms of peripheral sensory neuronal function in response to immune challenges, the neural regulation of immunity and inflammation, and the therapeutic implications of those mechanistic insights.
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            Progenitors from the central nervous system drive neurogenesis in cancer

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              A Role for Hypocretin/Orexin in Metabolic and Sleep Abnormalities in a Mouse Model of Non-metastatic Breast Cancer

              We investigated relationships among immune, metabolic, and sleep abnormalities in mice with non-metastatic mammary cancer. Tumor-bearing mice displayed IL-6 mediated peripheral inflammation, coincident with altered hepatic glucose processing and sleep. Tumor-bearing mice were hyperphagic, had reduced serum leptin concentrations, and enhanced sensitivity to exogenous ghrelin. We tested whether these phenotypes were driven by inflammation using neutralizing monoclonal antibodies against IL-6; despite the reduction in IL-6 signaling, metabolic and sleep abnormalities persisted. We next investigated neural populations coupling metabolism and sleep, and observed altered activity within lateral-hypothalamic hypocretin/orexin (HO) neurons. We used a dual HO receptor antagonist to test whether increased HO signaling was causing metabolic abnormalities. This approach rescued metabolic abnormalities and enhanced sleep quality in tumor-bearing mice. Peripheral sympathetic denervation prevented tumor-induced increases in serum glucose. Our results link metabolic and sleep abnormalities via the HO system, and provide evidence that central neuromodulators contribute to tumor-induced changes in metabolism. Cancer patients with metabolic dysfunction have a worse prognosis. Using a mouse model of breast cancer, XXX et al show that tumors deregulate glucose metabolism independently of inflammation. Instead, the hypocretin/orexin neurons involved in regulating sleep-quality, are affected and cause alterations in blood glucose through the sympathetic nervous system.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Genes Dev
                Genes Dev
                genesdev
                GAD
                Genes & Development
                Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
                0890-9369
                1549-5477
                Sep-Oct 2024
                Sep-Oct 2024
                : 38
                : 17-20
                : 802-804
                Affiliations
                Laboratory of Cancer and Microenvironment-National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Institute of Biology François Jacob-Atomic Energy Commission (CEA), University of Paris Cité, University of Paris-Saclay, Paris 75000, France
                Author notes
                Corresponding author: claire.magnon@ 123456inserm.fr
                Article
                8711660
                10.1101/gad.352278.124
                11535159
                39362781
                0c25bea4-9697-4cb6-8da7-14839812d30a
                © 2024 Magnon; Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press

                This article, published in Genes & Development, is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution 4.0 International), as described at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

                History
                Page count
                Pages: 3
                Categories
                14
                7
                8
                9
                Special Section: Symposium Outlook
                Custom metadata
                September/October 2024

                brain–body,physiology,symposium
                brain–body, physiology, symposium

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