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      O salto qualitativo em Theodosius Dobzhansky: unindo as tradições naturalista e experimentalista Translated title: A quality leap in Theodosius Dobzhansky: uniting naturalistic and experimental traditions

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          Abstract

          Em alta durante quase todo o século XIX, o prestígio dos naturalistas caiu nas últimas décadas do mesmo século, na medida em que o enfoque dos estudos biológicos transitava do histórico para o funcional. A redescoberta dos trabalhos de Mendel, em 1900, e a emergência da genética aceleraram este processo, onde a atividade do experimentalista substituía a anterior. Ao mesmo tempo, o darwinismo também declinava e os primeiros anos do século XX caracterizam o chamado "eclipse do darwinismo". Theodosius Dobzhansky, russo radicado nos Estados Unidos a partir de 1927, é o pesquisador que irá reunir as duas tradições, a naturalista e a experimentalista. No desempenho de suas atividades, ele realiza um verdadeiro salto qualitativo nos estudos de evolução em populações naturais, que pela primeira vez podem ser efetuados através do método experimental, auxiliados por um rigoroso planejamento teórico. Este artigo narra algumas etapas desta história.

          Translated abstract

          The high prestige naturalists had during most of the 19th century began to decrease in the last decades of that century, as the focus in biological studies switched from historical to functional. The rediscovering of Mendel's works in 1900 and the emerging of genetics made the process move faster and caused experimentalist activities to take over. Simultaneously, Darwinism was also losing ground and the first years of the 20th century were characterized by the so-called 'eclipse of Darwinism'. Theodosius Dobzhansky, a Russian researcher who moved to the United States in 1927, joined the two different traditional approaches, the naturalistic and the experimental ones. Through his activities, he accomplishes a quality leap for the study of evolution in natural populations, which can for the first time be carried out through experimental methods guided by thorough theoretical planning. This article narrates some of the steps of this story.

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          The Origins of Theoretical Population Genetics

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            Evolution The Modern Synthesis

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Journal
                hcsm
                História, Ciências, Saúde-Manguinhos
                Hist. cienc. saude-Manguinhos
                Casa de Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Rio de Janeiro )
                1678-4758
                December 2001
                : 8
                : 3
                : 713-726
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
                [2 ] Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
                Article
                S0104-59702001000400011
                10.1590/S0104-59702001000400011
                0a16f4f6-fb2c-4b6d-98f2-f7e6c4132d3e

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0104-5970&lng=en
                Categories
                HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE

                Philosophy of science
                Evolutionism,Darwinism,Theodosius Dobzhansky,Naturalism,Experimentalism,Mendel,evolucionismo,darwinismo,naturalismo,experimentalismo

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