Can the physical environment itself influence neurological patient activity?

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Abstract

To evaluate if a changed physical environment following redesign of a hospital ward influenced neurological patient physical and social activity.

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Healing environment: A review of the impact of physical environmental factors on users

H.S.M. Kort, J. van Hoof, E.R.C.M. Huisman … (2012)

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Environmental enrichment requires adult neurogenesis to facilitate the recovery from psychosocial stress

R Schloesser, Klaus Lehmann, K Martinowich … (2010)

The subgranular zone of the adult hippocampal dentate gyrus contains a pool of neural stem cells that continuously divide and differentiate into functional granule cells. It has been shown that production of new hippocampal neurons is necessary for amelioration of stress-induced behavioral changes by antidepressants in animal models of depression. The survival of newly born hippocampal neurons is decreased by chronic psychosocial stress and increased by exposure to enriched environments. These observations suggest the existence of a link between hippocampal neurogenesis, stress-induced behavioral changes, and the beneficial effects of enriched environment. To show causality, we subjected transgenic mice with conditionally suppressed neurogenesis to psychosocial stress followed by environmental enrichment. First, we showed that repeated social defeat coupled with chronic exposure to an aggressor produces robust and quantifiable indices of submissive and depressive-like behaviors; second, subsequent exposure to an enriched environment led to extinction of the submissive phenotype, while animals exposed to an impoverished environment retained the submissive phenotype; and third, enrichment was not effective in reversing the submissive and depressive-like behaviors in transgenic mice lacking neurogenesis. Our data show two main findings. First, living in an enriched environment is highly effective in extinguishing submissive behavioral traits developed during chronic social stress, and second, these effects are critically dependent on adult neurogenesis, indicating that beneficial behavioral adaptations are dependent on intact adult neurogenesis.

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An enriched environment increases activity in stroke patients undergoing rehabilitation in a mixed rehabilitation unit: a pilot non-randomized controlled trial.

Julie Bernhardt, Michael Pollack, Louise Ada … (2013)

An enriched environment (EE) facilitates physical, cognitive and social activity in animal models of stroke. The aim of this pilot study was to determine whether enriching the environment of a mixed rehabilitation unit increased stroke patient activity. A non- randomized controlled trial was conducted. Direct observation was used to determine the difference in change in physical, cognitive, social or any activity over 2 weeks in patients exposed to an enriched versus non-enriched environment. Stroke patients in the EE (n = 15) were 1.2 (95% CI 1.0-1.4) times more likely to be engaged in any activity compared with those in a non-enriched environment (n = 14). They were 1.7 (95% CI 1.1-2.5) times more likely to be engaged in cognitive activities, 1.2 (95% CI 1.0-1.5) times more likely to be engaged in social activities, 0.7 (95% CI 0.6-0.9) times as likely to be inactive and alone and 0.5 (95% CI 0.4-0.7) times as likely to be asleep than patients without enrichment. This preliminary trial suggests that the comprehensive model of enrichment developed for use in a rehabilitation unit was effective in increasing activity in stroke patients and reducing time spent inactive and alone.

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Author and article information

Journal

Title: Disability and Rehabilitation

Abbreviated Title: Disability and Rehabilitation

Publisher: Informa UK Limited

ISSN (Print): 0963-8288

ISSN (Electronic): 1464-5165

Publication date Created: January 17 2018

Publication date (Electronic): January 17 2018

Pages: 1-13

Affiliations

[1 ] The Florey Institute of Neuroscience & Mental Health, NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery, Melbourne, Australia;

[2 ] School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden;

[3 ] Department of Architecture, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden;

[4 ] Rehabilitation Division of Epworth Hospital, Clinical Sciences School of Monash University, Melbourne, Australia;

[5 ] Melbourne School of Design, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia

Article

DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2017.1423520

PubMed ID: 29343110

SO-VID: 041498e7-6e93-45f6-bd64-a5a016201230

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Can the physical environment itself influence neurological patient activity?

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Most cited references 52

Healing environment: A review of the impact of physical environmental factors on users

Environmental enrichment requires adult neurogenesis to facilitate the recovery from psychosocial stress

An enriched environment increases activity in stroke patients undergoing rehabilitation in a mixed rehabilitation unit: a pilot non-randomized controlled trial.

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