For Publishers
DiscoveryMetadataPeer reviewHostingPublishing
For Researchers
JoinPublishReviewCollect
Register
Blog
About
Search
Advanced search
My ScienceOpen
Search
For Publishers
For Researchers
Blog
About
56
views
69
references
 Top references
cited by
19
    
0 reviews
 Review
0
comments
 Comment
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      441
      similar
       All similar
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Atherogenic Dyslipidemia and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Obese Children

      review-article

      Read this article at

      ScienceOpenPublisherPMC
      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Childhood obesity when associated with serum lipoprotein changes triggers atherosclerosis. Evidences suggest that the atherosclerotic process begins in childhood and that the extent of early atherosclerosis of the aorta and coronary arteries can be associated with lipoprotein levels and obesity. Furthermore, many studies in childhood demonstrate an important relationship between parameters of insulin sensitivity, body fat distribution, and the development of lipid abnormalities. This review focuses on the most recent findings on the relationship between obesity, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular risk in children.

          Related collections

          Most cited references69

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Association of coronary heart disease incidence with carotid arterial wall thickness and major risk factors: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study, 1987-1993.

          L E Chambless, G Heiss, A Folsom … (1997)
          Few studies have determined whether greater carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) in asymptomatic individuals is associated prospectively with increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). In the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study, carotid IMT, an index of generalized atherosclerosis, was defined as the mean of IMT measurements at six sites of the carotid arteries using B-mode ultrasound. The authors assessed its relation to CHD incidence over 4-7 years of follow-up (1987-1993) in four US communities (Forsyth County, North Carolina; Jackson, Mississippi; Minneapolis, Minnesota; and Washington County, Maryland) from samples of 7,289 women and 5,552 men aged 45-64 years who were free of clinical CHD at baseline. There were 96 incident events for women and 194 for men. In sex-specific Cox proportional hazards models adjusted only for age, race, and center, the hazard rate ratio comparing extreme mean IMT (> or = 1 mm) to not extreme (< 1 mm) was 5.07 for women (95% confidence interval 3.08-8.36) and 1.85 for men (95% confidence interval 1.28-2.69). The relation was graded (monotonic), and models with cubic splines indicated significant nonlinearity. The strength of the association was reduced by including major CHD risk factors, but remained elevated at higher IMT. Up to 1 mm mean IMT, women had lower adjusted annual event rates than did men, but above 1 mm their event rate was closer to that of men. Thus, mean carotid IMT is a noninvasive predictor of future CHD incidence.
          Article 0 comments Cited 329 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in American adolescents: findings from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

            Sarah de Ferranti, Kimberlee Gauvreau, David Ludwig … (2004)
            Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is defined by the Third Report of the Adult Treatment Panel (ATP III) using criteria easily applied by clinicians and researchers. There is no standard pediatric definition. We defined pediatric MetS using criteria analogous to ATP III as > or =3 of the following: (1) fasting triglycerides > or =1.1 mmol/L (100 mg/dL); (2) HDL or =6.1 mmol/L (110 mg/dL); (4) waist circumference >75th percentile for age and gender; and (5) systolic blood pressure >90th percentile for gender, age, and height. MetS prevalence in US adolescents was estimated with the Third National Health and Nutritional Survey 1988 to 1994. Among 1960 children aged > or =12 years who fasted > or =8 hours, two thirds had at least 1 metabolic abnormality, and nearly 1 in 10 had MetS. The racial/ethnic distribution was similar to adults: Mexican-Americans, followed by non-Hispanic whites, had a greater prevalence of MetS compared with non-Hispanic blacks (12.9%, [95% CI 10.4% to 15.4%]; 10.9%, [95% CI 8.4% to 13.4%]; and 2.5%, [95% CI 1.3% to 3.7%], respectively). Nearly one third (31.2% [95% CI 28.3% to 34.1%]) of overweight/obese adolescents had MetS. Our definition of pediatric MetS, designed to be closely analogous to ATP III, found MetS is common in adolescents and has a similar racial/ethnic distribution to adults in this representative national sample. Because childhood MetS likely tracks into adulthood, early identification may help target interventions to improve future cardiovascular health.
            Article 0 comments Cited 258 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Lipid screening and cardiovascular health in childhood.

              Stephen R Daniels, Frank R. Greer (2008)
              This clinical report replaces the 1998 policy statement from the American Academy of Pediatrics on cholesterol in childhood, which has been retired. This report has taken on new urgency given the current epidemic of childhood obesity with the subsequent increasing risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease in older children and adults. The approach to screening children and adolescents with a fasting lipid profile remains a targeted approach. Overweight children belong to a special risk category of children and are in need of cholesterol screening regardless of family history or other risk factors. This report reemphasizes the need for prevention of cardiovascular disease by following Dietary Guidelines for Americans and increasing physical activity and also includes a review of the pharmacologic agents and indications for treating dyslipidemia in children.
              Article 0 comments Cited 227 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
                Bookmark
                All references

                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Int J Endocrinol
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Int J Endocrinol
                Journal ID (publisher-id): IJE
                Title: International Journal of Endocrinology
                Publisher: Hindawi Publishing Corporation
                ISSN (Print): 1687-8337
                ISSN (Electronic): 1687-8345
                Publication date (Print): 2015
                Publication date (Electronic): 12 January 2015
                Volume: 2015
                Electronic Location Identifier: 912047
                Affiliations
                1Unit of Pediatrics, Hospital of Cremona, Largo Priori 1, 26100 Cremona, Italy
                2Department of Health Science and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Piazza Polonia 94, 10126 Turin, Italy
                3Department of Pediatrics, University of Chieti, Via Dei Vestini 5, 66013 Chieti, Italy
                4Rare and Genetic Diseases Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Piazza S. Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy
                5Hepatometabolic Diseases Unit, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Piazza S. Onofrio 4, 00135 Rome, Italy
                6Pediatric Department, Pediatric Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, Umberto I Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
                Author notes

                Academic Editor: Emanuel Christ

                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9765-7460
                Article
                DOI: 10.1155/2015/912047
                PMC ID: 4309297
                PubMed ID: 25663838
                SO-VID: 0226bb4a-8a07-4c16-8a9e-0497d24863ac
                Copyright © Copyright © 2015 Ebe D'Adamo et al.
                License:

                This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Date received : 22 August 2014
                Date revision received : 30 November 2014
                Date accepted : 19 December 2014
                Categories
                Subject: Review Article

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Endocrinology & Diabetes
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Endocrinology & Diabetes

                Comments

                Comment on this article

                scite_

                Similar content441

                See all similar

                Cited by19

                See all cited by

                Most referenced authors1,760

                See all reference authors