EXERCÍCIO FÍSICO OU ATIVIDADE FÍSICA: QUAL APRESENTA MAIOR ASSOCIAÇÃO COM A PERCEPÇÃO DA QUALIDADE DO SONO DE ADOLESCENTES?

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Abstract

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a associação do exercício físico e da atividade física com a percepção da qualidade do sono em adolescentes. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo com abordagem quantitativa que integra o levantamento epidemiológico transversal de base escolar e abrangência estadual cuja amostra foi constituída por 6.261 adolescentes (14 a 19 anos), selecionados por meio de uma estratégia de amostragem aleatória de conglomerados. Os dados foram coletados a partir do questionário Global School-based Student Health Survey. O teste do qui-quadrado e a regressão logística binária foram utilizados nas análises dos dados. Resultados: Na amostra, 29% dos adolescentes não faziam exercício e não foram classificados como fisicamente ativos. Os adolescentes que não praticavam exercício físico tinham mais chances de apresentar uma percepção negativa da qualidade do sono (OR 1,13, IC95% 1,04-1,28; p=0,043). Não foi encontrada associação entre o nível de atividade física e a percepção da qualidade do sono (OR 1,01, IC95% 0,89-1,14; p=0,868). Ao serem avaliadas as práticas de forma isolada ou simultânea, constatou-se que aqueles que praticavam exercício físico apresentavam menor chance de terem uma percepção negativa da qualidade do sono (OR 0,82, IC95% 0,71-0,95) e, ao praticarem exercício e, paralelamente, terem uma vida fisicamente ativa, essas chances diminuíam ainda mais (OR 0,79, IC95% 0,68-0,93). Conclusões: Ser classificado como fisicamente ativo, por si só, não foi suficiente para uma melhor percepção da qualidade do sono, pois apenas a prática de exercício físico apresentou tal associação.

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A physical activity screening measure for use with adolescents in primary care.

Judith Prochaska, James Sallis, Barbara Long (2001)

To develop a reliable and valid physical activity screening measure for use with adolescents in primary care settings. We conducted 2 studies to evaluate the test-retest reliability and concurrent validity of 6 single-item and 3 composite measures of physical activity. Modifications were based on the findings of the 2 studies, and a best measure was evaluated in study 3. Accelerometer data served as the criterion standard for tests of validity. In study 1 (N = 250; mean age, 15 years; 56% female; 36% white), reports on the composite measures were most reliable. In study 2 (N = 57; mean age, 14 years; 65% female; 37% white), 6 of the 9 screening measures correlated significantly with accelerometer data. Subjects, however, had great difficulty reporting bouts of activity and distinguishing between intensity levels. Instead, we developed a single measure assessing accumulation of 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity. Evaluated in study 3 (N = 148; mean age, 12 years; 65% female; 27% white), the measure was reliable (intraclass correlation, 0.77) and correlated significantly (r = 0.40, P<.001) with accelerometer data. Correct classification (63%), sensitivity (71%), and false-positive rates (40%) were reasonable. The "moderate to vigorous physical activity" screening measure is recommended for clinical practice with adolescents.

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In search of lost sleep: secular trends in the sleep time of school-aged children and adolescents.

Lisa Matricciani, Timothy Olds, John Petkov (2012)

Sleep deficits are associated with a wide range of detrimental physical and mental health outcomes. There is concern that children are not getting enough sleep, and that sleep duration has been declining. However, evidence is sparse. A systematic review of world literature was conducted to locate studies reporting the sleep duration of children aged 5-18 years. Monte Carlo simulation was used to generate pseudodata from summary data, which were combined with raw data and analysed by linear regression of sleep duration on year of measurement at the age × sex × day type × country level. Data were available on 690,747 children from 20 countries, dating from 1905 to 2008. From these data, 641 regressions were derived. The sample-weighted median rate of change was -0.75 min nightly per year, indicating a decrease of more than 1 h per night over the study period. Rates of change were negative across age, sex and day type categories, but varied according to region, with Europe, the USA, Canada and Asia showing decreases and Australia, the UK and Scandinavia showing increases. Over the last 103 years, there have been consistent rapid declines in the sleep duration of children and adolescents. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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Exercise training improves sleep quality in middle-aged and older adults with sleep problems: a systematic review.

Pei-Yu Yang, Ka-Hou Ho, Hsi-Chung Chen … (2012)

Does an exercise training program improve the quality of sleep in middle-aged and older adults with sleep problems? Systematic review with meta-analysis of randomised trials. Adults aged over 40 years with sleep problems. A formal exercise training program consisting of either aerobic or resistance exercise. Self-reported sleep quality or polysomnography. Six trials were eligible for inclusion and provided data on 305 participants (241 female). Each of the studies examined an exercise training program that consisted of either moderate intensity aerobic exercise or high intensity resistance exercise. The duration of most of the training programs was between 10 and 16 weeks. All of the studies used the self-reported Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index to assess sleep quality. Compared to the control group, the participants who were randomised to an exercise program had a better global Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score, with a standardised mean difference (SMD) of 0.47 (95% CI 0.08 to 0.86). The exercise group also had significantly reduced sleep latency (SMD 0.58, 95% CI 0.08 to 1.08), and medication use (SMD 0.44, 95% CI 0.14 to 0.74). However, the groups did not differ significantly in sleep duration, sleep efficiency, sleep disturbance, or daytime functioning. Participation in an exercise training program has moderately positive effects on sleep quality in middle-aged and older adults. Physical exercise could be an alternative or complementary approach to existing therapies for sleep problems. Copyright © 2012 Australian Physiotherapy Association. Published by .. All rights reserved.