Review of '<i>“Public Religion” and the Pancasila-Based State of Indonesia. An Ethical and Sociological Analysis</i>, by Benyamin Fleming Intan. Bern: Peter Lang, 2006. ISBN-13: 9780820476032, 277 pp., hb, $67.95'

When searching for articles with the keyword "Pancasila" in ScienceOpen, I only found 7 articles in peer-reviewed publications in the period 1981-2016, namely:

1. Pemuda Pancasila: The Last Loyalist Free Men of Suharto's Order? - Loren Ryter (1998)
2. “Public Religion” and the Pancasila-Based State of Indonesia. An Ethical and Sociological Analysis, by Benyamin Fleming Intan. Bern: Peter Lang, 2006. ISBN-13: 9780820476032, 277 pp.  - Roberto Cipriani (2009)
3. Symbolic Meaning of Money, Self-esteem, and Identification with Pancasila Values - Eko A. Meinarno, Wahyu Rahardjo, Juneman Abraham (2012)
4. Critical Analysis on Accounting Information Based On Pancasila Value - Dwiyani Sudaryanti, Eko Sukoharsono, Zaki Baridwan, Aji D. Mulawarman (2015)
5. The Economics of Ekonomi Pancasila - Peter McCawley (1982)
6. Pancasila Economic and the Challenges of Globalization and Free Market In Indonesia - Aan Jaelani (2016)
7. Pancasila The Indonesian State Ideology According to the New Order Government - Michael Morfit (1981)

The fact was very surprising because it indicates that the literature on Pancasila (Five Principles, the basis of the Indonesian state) that can be accessed openly is still very lacking. This open access deficit is confirmed by a search on Google Scholar . Although the results of the retrieval resulted in 79,700 results, it is indeed quite rare for scientific publications on Pancasila to be able to download the full content. Meanwhile, Pancasila is (1) most often used as a political instrument to gain votes in the elections of the president and regional heads in Indonesia, (2) most often doubted by Indonesian youth, (3) most vulnerable to being trapped in jargonism, but also (4) most open to reinterpretation, (5) most wanted to be revitalized among young adults, as well as (6) the most expected to be embodied in Indonesia leaders and folks in solving Indonesia social problems, from religious terrorism, politics of identity game, poverty, social inequalities and conflicts, to nation disintegration potency (Fachrudin, 2017; Fuller, 2018; Jonathan, 2018; Sahana, 2018; The Jakarta Post, 2013).

The article written by Roberto Cipriani was published in Implicit Religion, 12(2), 242-24. This article is a review of a book written by Benyamin Fleming Intan (2006). The first interesting thing is that both Cipriani and Intan are not Indonesians, but rather those who care to approach Pancasila by using the scientific approach and writing their thoughts in scientific journals.

The strength of Cipriani's review is that he succeeded in capturing that Intan (1) highly appreciated the indigenous approach, by citing most the local literature (from Indonesia) rather than global literature, and (2) having a very positive attitude towards Pancasila, which he thought is able to facilitate the development of Indonesia democracy.

In the 2000s, social media developed in Indonesia includes, among others, Friendster and Myspace (Zakaria, 2018), as well as YahooGroups and Yahoo Answers. Unfortunately, not many researchers have conducted studies on social representations about Pancasila developing through social media. Intan and Cipriani also "forgot" to discuss it. If we search through Google, it will be found that writings and discussions about Pancasila already exist, even quite a lot, so that they could be analyzed, for example:

• Sudut Pandang Pancasila? (Perspective of Pancasila) - https://fr.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20081214053921AAvtZle
• Menurut anda apakah Pancasila adalah ideologi yang masih layak? (Do you think Pancasila is an ideology that is still appropriate?) - https://id.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20110608071305AAXvqB5
• Kesalahpahaman umat muslim dalam mengartikan sila pertama pancasila? (Misunderstanding of Muslims in interpreting the first principle of the Pancasila?) - https://id.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20130326215530AAqoVGw
• http://francmartinno.blog.friendster.com/2009/01/penerapan-nilai-nilai-pancasila/ (note: Friendster had been shut down)
• http://lion-messigit.blog.friendster.com/2008/05/risalah-bpupki/ 

Back to today, if we use the Twitter's (one of the most popular social media today) search engine, we will find that Twitter has never been quiet from the word "Pancasila". This fact coexists with two other facts: First, Indonesia is among the top five most Twitter users in the world. Second, today's social media is a space of individual and collective memory formation and forgetfulness (Bartoletti, 2011). Through social media, we can find out our own memories about Pancasila. The thing to watch out for is that the memory can be distorted so that what recalled is the "false memory" (Loftus, 1996). Utilizing the psychology of memory, a number of people try to (re-)construct memories of the Pancasila through web sites (e.g., Fikr, 2017; Poer, 2017).

It is time for Pancasila scientific study actors to penetrate into social media, trying to detect whether Pancasila still lives in Indonesians; and, if so, how the Pancasila lives and is lived. We should not discuss the Pancasila only at the philosophical level. We need to examine empirically how the representations of Pancasila contested on social media, and participate to continuously inspiring cultural practices in accordance with the authentic intentions of Pancasila --- as initiated by the founding fathers of the Indonesia nation --- through social media. Indonesia people need not wait until "hoaxes about the Pancasila" are rampant, before embracing science on Pancasila. The scientific study of Pancasila (e.g. Juneman, Putra,  Meinarno, 2012; Meinaro & Juneman, 2012) will make Pancasila unforgottable (in Sanskrit: Amerta Pancasila).

References

• Bartoletti, R. (2011). Memory and Social Media: New Forms of Remembering and Forgetting, in "Learning from Memory: Body, Memory and Technology in a Globalizing World", Ed. B. Pirani, Cambridge Scholars Publishing, Newcastle UK, 2011, pp. 82-111. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/259531789_Memory_and_Social_Media_New_Forms_of_Remembering_and_Forgetting
• Fachrudin, A. A. (2017, June 9). Reinterpreting Pancasila. Retrieved from https://www.thejakartapost.com/academia/2017/06/09/reinterpreting-
• Fikr, G. (2017, June 5). Menepuk Memori, Mengembalikan Makna Pancasila. Retrieved from https://www.hidayatullah.com/artikel/ghazwul-fikr/read/2017/06/05/117969/menepuk-memori-mengembalikan-makna-pancasila.html
• Fuller, A. (2013, June 18). Pancasila, again and always: Nostalgia and a longing for an ideal leader. Retrieved from https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2013/06/18/pancasila-again-and-always-nostalgia-and-a-longing-ideal-leader.html
• Jonathan, S. (2018, June 5). Role of Pancasila in Indonesian modern democracy. The Jakarta Post. Retrieved from  https://www.thejakartapost.com/academia/2018/06/05/role-of-pancasila-in-indonesian-modern-democracy.html
• Juneman, J., Putra, F., & Meinarno, E. A. (2012). Kompatibilitas keutamaan karakter dengan nilai-nilai pancasila: perspektif kontrak psikologis dan kontrak sosial. Retrieved from http://proceeding.unisba.ac.id/index.php/sosial/article/view/462
• Loftus, E. (1996). Memory Distortion and False Memory Creation. Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, 24 (3) 281-295. Retrieved from http://cogprints.org/599/1/199802009.html
• Meinarno, E. A., & Juneman. (2012). Validasi Konkuren Skala Keber-Pancasila-an Pada Remaja Mahasiswa di Ibukota Indonesia. Jurnal Insan Media Psikologi, 14(1), 1-13. Retrieved from http://www.academia.edu/2008488/Validasi_Konkuren_Skala_Keber-Pancasila-an_Pada_Remaja_Mahasiswa_di_Jakarta
• Poer, B. (2017, June 1). Ingatan tentang Pancasila. Retrieved from http://blontankpoer.my.id/2017/06/01/ingatan-tentang-pancasila/.
• Sahana, M. (2018, August 26). Pancasila di Mata Generasi Milenial. Retrieved from https://www.voaindonesia.com/a/pancasila-di-mata-generasi-milenial/4544697.html
• The Jakarta Post. (2013, June 3). Young people skeptical about Pancasila. Retrieved from https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2013/06/03/young-people-skeptical-about-pancasila.html
• Zakaria, I. (2018, December 8). Ini 7 Media Sosial Jadul yang Bikin Rindu Jadi Anak Gaul Tahun 2000-an. Retrieved from https://www.idntimes.com/tech/trend/indra/7-media-sosial-jadul-yang-bikin-rindu-jadi-anak-gaul-tahun-2000-an/full
   

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In Indonesian version:

Ketika mencari artikel dengan kata kunci "Pancasila" di ScienceOpen, saya hanya menemukan 7 artikel dalam peer-reviewed publications dalam rentang waktu 1981-2016, yakni:

1) Pemuda Pancasila: The Last Loyalist Free Men of Suharto's Order? - Loren Ryter (1998)
https://www.scienceopen.com/document?vid=84c70b88-ba64-4804-98bb-b84c22986847
2) “Public Religion” and the Pancasila-Based State of Indonesia. An Ethical and Sociological Analysis, by Benyamin Fleming Intan. Bern: Peter Lang, 2006. ISBN-13: 9780820476032, 277 pp.  - Roberto Cipriani (2009)
https://www.scienceopen.com/document?vid=e0b58e80-98ea-42f5-a07d-da44aa1795b4
3) Symbolic Meaning of Money, Self-esteem, and Identification with Pancasila Values - Eko A. Meinarno, Wahyu Rahardjo, Juneman Abraham (2012)
https://www.scienceopen.com/document?vid=831ef4f7-d79a-4059-96bb-4fbc43b90680
4) Critical Analysis on Accounting Information Based On Pancasila Value - Dwiyani Sudaryanti, Eko Sukoharsono, Zaki Baridwan, Aji D. Mulawarman (2015)
https://www.scienceopen.com/document?vid=fdee87b6-27a4-4d2f-9183-f34439e31f50
5) The Economics of Ekonomi Pancasila - Peter McCawley (1982)
https://www.scienceopen.com/document?vid=7194051d-f41a-44b2-bbbd-0bb1f2896730
6) Pancasila Economic and the Challenges of Globalization and Free Market In Indonesia - Aan Jaelani (2016)
https://www.scienceopen.com/document?vid=57bf8f97-2ed9-4f2a-9ace-88324ecdaca8
7) Pancasila The Indonesian State Ideology According to the New Order Government - Michael Morfit (1981)
https://www.scienceopen.com/document?vid=50d9b1c0-5997-474d-a4d0-15361111187b

Hal ini sangat mengejutkan karena mengindikasikan bahwa literatur mengenai Pancasila (Five Principles, dasar negara Indonesia) yang dapat diakses secara terbuka masih sangat kurang. Defisit akses terbuka ini terkonfirmasi dengan pencarian di Google Scholar https://scholar.google.co.id/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=Pancasila&btnG= . Meskipun hasil pencarian menghasilkan 79.700 entri, memang cukup langka publikasi ilmiah mengenai Pancasila yang dapat diunduh isi penuhnya. Padahal, Pancasila paling sering digunakan sebagai instrumen politik untuk meraih suara dalam Pemilihan Kepala Negara maupun Kepala Daerah di Indonesia, paling sering diragukan efektivitasnya oleh kaum muda Indonesia, paling rentan terjebak dalam jargonisme, tetapi juga paling terbuka terhadap reinterpretasi, paling ingin direvitalisasi di kalangan anak muda, serta paling diharapkan pembadanannya dalam diri para pemimpin dan rakyat Indonesia dalam memecahkan permasalahan Indonesia, mulai dari terorisme religius, permainan politik identitas, kemiskinan, ketidaksetaraan dan konflik sosial, sampai dengan potensi disintegrasi bangsa (Fachrudin, 2017; Fuller, 2018; Jonathan, 2018; Sahana, 2018; The Jakarta Post, 2013).

Artikel yang ditulis oleh Roberto Cipriani tersebut terbit dalam Implicit Religion, 12(2), 242-24  (https://journals.equinoxpub.com/index.php/IR/article/view/7333). Artikel ini merupakan sebuah review terhadap sebuah buku yang ditulis oleh Benyamin Fleming Intan (2006). Hal pertama yang menarik adalah bahwa baik Cipriani maupun Intan bukan merupakan orang Indonesia, tetapi justru mereka yang peduli untuk mendekati Pancasila dengan menggunakan pendekatan scientific dan menuliskan pemikiran mereka dalam sebuah jurnal ilmiah.

Kekuatan dari review Cipriani adalah bahwa ia sukses menangkap bahwa Intan (1) sangat mengapresiasi pendekatan indigenous, dengan cara banyak mengutip literatur lokal (dari Indonesia sendiri) daripada literatur global, serta (2) memiliki sikap sangat positif terhadap Pancasila, yang mampu memfasilitasi perkembangan demokrasi Indonesia.

Pada tahun 2000-an tersebut, media sosial yang berkembang di Indonesia, antara lain Friendster dan Myspace (Zakaria, 2018), serta  YahooGroups dan Yahoo Answers. Sayangnya, belum banyak penulis yang melakukan penelitian mengenai representasi sosial mengenai Pancasila yang berkembang melalui media sosial. Itan dan Cipriani juga "lupa" untuk mendalaminya. Bila kita mencari melalui Google, akan ditemukan bahwa tulisan dan diskusi tentang Pancasila sudah ada, bahkan cukup banyak, sehingga dapat dijadikan bahan analisis, misalnya:

- Sudut Pandang Pancasila? (Perspective of Pancasila) - https://fr.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20081214053921AAvtZle
- Menurut anda apakah Pancasila adalah ideologi yang masih layak? - https://id.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20110608071305AAXvqB5
- Kesalahpahaman umat muslim dalam mengartikan sila pertama pancasila.? - https://id.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20130326215530AAqoVGw
- http://francmartinno.blog.friendster.com/2009/01/penerapan-nilai-nilai-pancasila/
- http://lion-messigit.blog.friendster.com/2008/05/risalah-bpupki/ 

Kembali ke hari ini, jika kita menggunakan mesin pencari Twitter, salah satu media sosial yang paling populer dewasa ini, kita akan menemukan bahwa Twitter tidak pernah sepi dari kata Pancasila. Fakta ini berdampingan dengan dua fakta lain: Pertama, Indonesia termasuk lima besar negara pengguna Twitter terbanyak di dunia. Kedua, media sosial dewasa ini merupakan ruang pembentukan memori dan pelupaan perorangan maupun kolektif (Bartoletti, 2011). Melalui media sosial, kita dapat mengetahui ingatan-ingatan kita sendiri mengenai Pancasila. Hal yang perlu diwaspadai adalah bahwa ingatan dapat disimpangkan sehingga yang muncul adalah "ingatan palsu" (Loftus, 1996). Memanfaatkan psikologi ingatan tersebut, sejumlah orang mencoba dengan caranya me(re-)konstruksi ingatan tentang Pancasila melalui media situs web (misalnya; Fikr, 2017; Poer, 2017). 

Sudah saatnya diadakan studi-studi ilmiah mengenai Pancasila merambah ke media sosial, mencoba untuk mendeteksi apakah Pancasila masih hidup di tengah-tengah orang Indonesia, dan apabila ya, bagaimana Pancasila itu hidup, dihidupi, dan dihidupkan. Jangan lagi kita membicarakan Pancasila hanya pada tingkat filosofis. Kita perlu mencermati secara empiris bagaimana representasi-representasi mengenai Pancasila berkontestasi di media sosial, serta berpartisipasi untuk terus-menerus meng-kultural-kan intensi otentik dari Pancasila---sebagaimana digagas oleh para pendiri bangsa Indonesia---melalui media sosial. Bangsa Indonesia tidak perlu menunggu sampai "hoaks mengenai Pancasila" merajalela.  Studi ilmiah Pancasila membuat Pancasila tidak terlupakan (dalam bahasa Sansekerta: Amerta Pancasila).