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      The Palgrave Handbook of Positive Education 

      Building Positive Emotions and Playfulness

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      Springer International Publishing

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          Abstract

          This chapter focuses on the What? Why? and How? of building positive emotions and playfulness. What are positive emotions and playfulness? Why are these concepts part of the foundation of positive education? And How may we build positive emotions and playfulness in our pedagogical practice. In the profession of teaching, positive emotions and playfulness are closely linked to the development of coping skills and strategies, social competencies, cognitive competencies, and learning, as well as to the VIA character strengths. The chapter gives examples and suggestions as to how positive emotions and playfulness may be implemented in the three phases of teaching: preparation and lesson planning, pedagogical practice in the classroom, and evaluation of the lesson. The chapter furthermore looks into how positive emotions and playfulness are part of and contribute to the positive educational framework, to both student and staff wellbeing in the classroom, and as well as in the learning institution as a workplace.

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          The role of positive emotions in positive psychology: The broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions.

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            What Good Are Positive Emotions?

            This article opens by noting that positive emotions do not fit existing models of emotions. Consequently, a new model is advanced to describe the form and function of a subset of positive emotions, including joy, interest, contentment, and love. This new model posits that these positive emotions serve to broaden an individual's momentary thought-action repertoire, which in turn has the effect of building that individual's physical, intellectual, and social resources. Empirical evidence to support this broaden-and-build model of positive emotions is reviewed, and implications for emotion regulation and health promotion are discussed.
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              Positive emotions broaden the scope of attention and thought-action repertoires.

              The broaden-and-build theory (Fredrickson, 1998, 2001) hypothesises that positive emotions broaden the scope of attention and thought-action repertoires. Two experiments with 104 college students tested these hypotheses. In each, participants viewed a film that elicited (a) amusement, (b) contentment, (c) neutrality, (d) anger, or (e) anxiety. Scope of attention was assessed using a global-local visual processing task (Experiment 1) and thought-action repertoires were assessed using a Twenty Statements Test (Experiment 2). Compared to a neutral state, positive emotions broadened the scope of attention in Experiment 1 and thought-action repertoires in Experiment 2. In Experiment 2, negative emotions, relative to a neutral state, narrowed thought-action repertoires. Implications for promoting emotional well-being and physical health are discussed.
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                Author and book information

                Book Chapter
                2021
                June 25 2021
                : 421-440
                10.1007/978-3-030-64537-3_17
                e5af2bea-0e1d-444a-a4c6-a5fc16907767
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