This book brings together dozens of the world’s leading scholars in memory studies to explore national memory in an age of populism. Drawing on disciplines ranging from cognitive science to history, these scholars address issues such as how memory is tied to individual and collective identity, how national pasts create political presents, and how a range of disciplines can contribute to an integrated account of national memory. Several chapters examine how these issues play out in the United States, but others take them up in countries such as Israel, China, Russia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Germany, Japan, and Poland. The book provides a foundation for understanding the vexing issues of national memory and identity that promise to shape the future of countries throughout the world.