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      White matter abnormalities in schizophrenia and schizotypal personality disorder.

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          Abstract

          Prior diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies examining schizotypal personality disorder (SPD) and schizophrenia, separately have shown that compared with healthy controls (HCs), patients show frontotemporal white matter (WM) abnormalities. This is the first DTI study to directly compare WM tract coherence with tractography and fractional anisotropy (FA) across the schizophrenia spectrum in a large sample of demographically matched HCs (n = 55), medication-naive SPD patients (n = 49), and unmedicated/never-medicated schizophrenia patients (n = 22) to determine whether (a) frontal-striatal-temporal WM tract abnormalities in schizophrenia are similar to, or distinct from those observed in SPD; and (b) WM tract abnormalities are associated with clinical symptom severity indicating a common underlying pathology across the spectrum. Compared with both the HC and SPD groups, schizophrenia patients showed WM abnormalities, as indexed by lower FA in the temporal lobe (inferior longitudinal fasciculus) and cingulum regions. SPD patients showed lower FA in the corpus callosum genu compared with the HC group, but this regional abnormality was more widespread in schizophrenia patients. Across the schizophrenia spectrum, greater WM disruptions were associated with greater symptom severity. Overall, frontal-striatal-temporal WM dysconnectivity is attenuated in SPD compared with schizophrenia patients and may mitigate the emergence of psychosis.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Schizophr Bull
          Schizophrenia bulletin
          1745-1701
          0586-7614
          Jan 2015
          : 41
          : 1
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY;
          [2 ] Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY;
          [3 ] Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY; Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC VISN 3), James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Outpatient Psychiatry, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY;
          [4 ] Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC VISN 3), James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Research and Development, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY.
          [5 ] Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY; Department of Outpatient Psychiatry, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY;
          [6 ] Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY; Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC VISN 3), James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY;
          [7 ] Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY; Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC VISN 3), James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Research and Development, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY erin.hazlett@mssm.edu.
          Article
          sbu093
          10.1093/schbul/sbu093
          4266294
          24962608
          36738dea-bcd4-4c3c-aebf-9e54f9f78900
          © The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Maryland Psychiatric Research Center. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.
          History

          DTI,MRI,cingulum,genu,inferior longitudinal fasciculus,psychosis,schizophrenia,schizotypal personality disorder,white matter

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