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      Black Health Matters Too… Especially in the Era of Covid-19: How Poverty and Race Converge to Reduce Access to Quality Housing, Safe Neighborhoods, and Health and Wellness Services and Increase the Risk of Co-morbidities Associated with Global Pandemics

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          Abstract

          Objectives

          This research offers an alternative to the singular focus on improving health services to the African American community to increase their resilience to health-related co-morbidities associated with Covid-19 deaths.

          Methods

          This study employs a participatory action research (PAR) approach, where local non-profit organizations and researchers partnered with a challenged community in a self-study of intergenerational poverty related to health issues and the various obstacles to breaking this cycle.

          Results

          A quantitative and qualitative analysis of interview and focus group data suggests that the majority of those living in poor neighborhoods report reducing intersectional factors that are the cause and function of intergenerational poverty would reduce poverty and by extension increase African Americans’ resilience to health-related mortality.

          Conclusions

          Analysis of data related to overlapping obstacles like lack of access to safe housing and quality health services offers both context and insight about how policies addressing poverty reduction may offer pathways for reducing the co-morbidities associated with pandemic risk for African Americans.

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          Most cited references13

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          Redlining and the Home Owners' Loan Corporation

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            African Americans' access to healthy food options in South Los Angeles restaurants.

            We examined availability and food options at restaurants in less affluent (target area) and more affluent (comparison area) areas of Los Angeles County to compare residents' access to healthy meals prepared and purchased away from home. We also considered environmental prompts that encourage the purchase of various foods. We designed an instrument to assess the availability, quality, and preparation of food in restaurants. We also assessed advertisements and promotions, cleanliness, and service for each restaurant. We assessed 659 restaurants: 348 in the target area and 311 in the comparison area. The nutritional resource environment in our target area makes it challenging for residents to eat healthy away from home. Poorer neighborhoods with a higher proportion of African American residents have fewer healthy options available, both in food selections and in food preparation; restaurants in these neighborhoods heavily promote unhealthy food options to residents. Environment is important in understanding health status: support for the healthy lifestyle associated with lower risks for disease is difficult in poorer communities with a higher proportion of African American residents.
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              Racial Dynamics of Subprime Mortgage Lending at the Peak

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Duqrick@gmail.com
                Journal
                J Racial Ethn Health Disparities
                J Racial Ethn Health Disparities
                Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities
                Springer International Publishing (Cham )
                2197-3792
                2196-8837
                18 September 2020
                : 1-14
                Affiliations
                GRID grid.253615.6, ISNI 0000 0004 1936 9510, George Washington University, ; Washington, D.C., USA
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3473-6342
                Article
                857
                10.1007/s40615-020-00857-w
                7500252
                32946069
                1cae5f73-601a-4c71-8f4f-cfe07be7fd92
                © W. Montague Cobb-NMA Health Institute 2020

                This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.

                History
                : 14 July 2020
                : 23 August 2020
                : 24 August 2020
                Categories
                Article

                food deserts,housing,intersectionality,social disorganization,race,participatory action research,health disparities,covid-19

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