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      A gigantic marine ostracod (Crustacea: Myodocopa) trapped in mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber

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          Abstract

          The mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber (~99 Ma, Myanmar), widely known for exquisite preservation of theropods, also yields microfossils, which can provide important contextual information on paleoenvironment and amber formation. We report the first Cretaceous ostracod in amber—the gigantic (12.9 mm) right valve of an exclusively marine group (Myodocopa: Myodocopida) preserved in Burmese amber. Ostracods are usually small (0.5–2 mm), with well-calcified carapaces that provide an excellent fossil record extending to at least the Ordovician (~485 million years ago), but they are rarely encountered in amber. The new specimen effectively doubles the age of the ostracod amber record, offering the first representative of the Myodocopa, a weakly calcified group with a poor fossil record. Its carapace morphology is atypical and likely plesiomorphic. The preserved valve appears to be either a moulted exuvium or a dead and disarticulated specimen, and subsequent resin flows contain forest floor inclusions with terrestrial arthropods, i.e., fragmentary remains of spiders, and insect frass. These features resolve an enigmatic taphonomic pathway, and support a marginal marine setting for resin production.

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          Fossiliferous Cretaceous Amber from Myanmar (Burma): Its Rediscovery, Biotic Diversity, and Paleontological Significance

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            Taphonomy of insects in carbonates and amber

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              Mid-Cretaceous amber fossils illuminate the past diversity of tropical lizards

              Exquisitely preserved fossil lizards from 99-million-year-old Burmese amber provide new insights into paleotropical diversity.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                xinglida@gmail.com
                benjamin.sames@univie.ac.at
                Journal
                Sci Rep
                Sci Rep
                Scientific Reports
                Nature Publishing Group UK (London )
                2045-2322
                22 January 2018
                22 January 2018
                2018
                : 8
                : 1365
                Affiliations
                [1 ]ISNI 0000 0001 2156 409X, GRID grid.162107.3, State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, , China University of Geosciences, ; Beijing, 100083 China
                [2 ]ISNI 0000 0001 2156 409X, GRID grid.162107.3, School of the Earth Sciences and Resources, , China University of Geosciences, ; Beijing, 100083 China
                [3 ]ISNI 0000 0001 2286 1424, GRID grid.10420.37, Department of Geodynamics and Sedimentology, , University of Vienna, ; Geozentrum, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
                [4 ]Sam Noble Museum, 2401 Chautauqua Avenue, Norman, OK 73072 USA
                [5 ]Royal Saskatchewan Museum, Regina, Saskatchewan, S4P 4W7 Canada
                [6 ]ISNI 0000 0004 1936 9131, GRID grid.57926.3f, Biology Department, , University of Regina, ; Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2 Canada
                [7 ]ISNI 0000000119573309, GRID grid.9227.e, Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, , Chinese Academy of Sciences, ; Beijing, 100101 China
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3923-9206
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1123-1766
                Article
                19877
                10.1038/s41598-018-19877-y
                5778021
                29358761
                06e36ae9-3c98-44e5-af73-61c8d403eeb3
                © The Author(s) 2018

                Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

                History
                : 16 November 2017
                : 9 January 2018
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