Water and the UN sustainable development goals

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Abstract

Editorial call for contributions and invitation to join our synthetic effort and debate on Water and the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

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Occurrence patterns of pharmaceutical residues in wastewater, surface water and groundwater of Nairobi and Kisumu city, Kenya.

K K'oreje, L Vergeynst, D Ombaka … (2016)

Emerging organic contaminants have not received a lot of attention in developing countries, particularly Africa, although problems regarding water quantity and quality are often even more severe than in more developed regions. This study presents general water quality parameters as well as unique data on concentrations and loads of 24 pharmaceuticals including antibiotic, anti(retro)viral, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and psychiatric drugs in three wastewater treatment plants, three rivers and three groundwater wells in Nairobi and Kisumu. This allowed studying removal efficiencies in wastewater treatment, identifying important sources of pharmaceutical pollution and distinguishing dilution effects from natural attenuation in rivers. In general, antiretrovirals and antibiotics, being important in the treatment of common African diseases such as HIV and malaria, were in all matrices more prevalent as compared to the Western world. Wastewater stabilization ponds removed pharmaceuticals with an efficiency between 11 and 99%. Despite this large range, a different removal is observed for a number of compounds, as compared to more conventional activated sludge systems. Total concentrations in river water (up to 320 μg L(-1)) were similar or exceeded concentrations in untreated wastewater, with domestic discharges from slums, wastewater treatment plant effluent and waste dumpsites identified as important sources. In shallow wells situated next to pit latrines and used for drinking water, the recalcitrant antiretroviral nevirapine was measured at concentrations as high as 1-2 μg L(-1). Overall, distinct pharmaceutical contamination patterns as compared to the Western world can be concluded, which might be a trigger for further research in developing regions.

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The Brisbane Declaration and Global Action Agenda on Environmental Flows (2018)

Angela H Arthington, Anik Bhaduri, Stuart E Bunn … (2018)

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Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 (GBD 2017) Results

GBoDC Network, Global Burden of Disease Collaborative Network (2018)

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Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): UCL Open Environ

Journal ID (publisher-id): UCLOE

Title: UCL Open Environment

Abbreviated Title: UCL Open Environ

Publisher: UCL Press (UK )

ISSN (Electronic): 2632-0886

Publication date (Electronic): 12 January 2022

Volume: 4

Issue: 1

Electronic Location Identifier: e029

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*Corresponding author: E-mail: uclopen.environment@ 123456ucl.ac.uk

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Luiza C. Campos https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2714-7358

Daniel Olago https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6080-5802

Dan Osborn https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8510-4340

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DOI: 10.14324/111.444/ucloe.000029

SO-VID: 729c2cd8-903a-4926-9ef4-8f07cc1d757f

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Water and the UN sustainable development goals

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UN Sustainable Development Goals

Most cited references 5

Occurrence patterns of pharmaceutical residues in wastewater, surface water and groundwater of Nairobi and Kisumu city, Kenya.

The Brisbane Declaration and Global Action Agenda on Environmental Flows (2018)

Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 (GBD 2017) Results

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